Nuclearphysics applications of MYRRHA Lucia Popescu SCK CEN

Outlook l MYRRHA Ø Concept Ø Project Ø Applications l Fundamental research: ISOL@MYRRHA 2

MYRRHA - Concept subcritical fast reactor (LBE-cooled) lead fast reactor – innovative system high-power

MYRRHA - Project l Investment costs (estimation 2009): 960 M€ l Supported by the

MYRRHA - Applications Fuel research Φtot = 0. 5 to 1. 1015 n/cm². s

MYRRHA Reactor Core Accommodating Different Experiments E. g. of potential core configuration: l 151

Relative radiotoxicity Motivation for Transmutation transmutation of spent fuel no reprocessing Uranium natural Time

ISOL@MYRRHA - Concept Ø ECR 1+ Ø Surface IS Ø RILIS 10 + liquid

ISOL@MYRRHA - Expected Yields - intensities ~100 x IRIB at ISOLDE today 11 Lucia

ISOL@MYRRHA - Applications Catalogue - Prioritize experimental programmes in need of high RIB intensity

Atomic Physics l QED tests in the strong-field limit of HCI l Use of

Nuclear Physics l b-decay spectroscopy of exotic nuclei B. Jonson and K. Riisager, NPA

Fundamental Interactions l High-precision experiments needing long beam times l Data taking (statistics) l

Solid-State Physics & Biology l 8 Li • b-NMR 8 Li b-NMR at TRIUMF

Medical Applications Conventional cancer treatments: • Surgery • Radiation therapy • Combination of radiation

MYRRHA: EXPERIMENTAL ACCELERATOR DRIVEN SYSTEM A pan-European, innovative and unique facility at Mol (BE)

MYRRHA 19 Acknowledgements Lucia Popescu(SCK • CEN), Nuclear-physics applications of MYRRHA Copyright © 2013

ISOL@MYRRHA Acknowledgements l Bri. X-network partners: especially IKS-K. U. Leuven l TRIUMF l LIEBE

Copyright © 2013 - SCK CEN PLEASE NOTE! This presentation contains data, information and

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MYRRHA - Concept subcritical fast reactor (LBE-cooled) lead fast reactor – innovative system high-power LBE spallation target high neutron flux fast neutron spectrum high-power linear accelerator CW, 600 -Me. V protons, up to 4 m. A highly reliable (MTBF > 250 h, failure = beam trip >3 s) Operation: - ADS mode 3 Lucia Popescu(SCK • CEN), Nuclear-physics applications of MYRRHA - critical mode Copyright © 2013 SCK • CEN

MYRRHA - Project l Investment costs (estimation 2009): 960 M€ l Supported by the Belgian Government up to 40% l A European project: l on the ESFRI roadmap (Nov. 2010) l on the ESNII roadmap (Nov. 2010) l on the Nu. PECC roadmap (Dec. 2010) l Timetable (2009): 2010 -2014 2015 Front End Tendering & Engineering Procurement Design 4 2016 -2018 Construction of components & civil engineering 2019 On site assembly 2020 -2022 Commissioning 2023 2024 Progressive Full start-up exploitation Lucia Popescu(SCK • CEN), Nuclear-physics applications of MYRRHA Copyright © 2013 SCK • CEN

MYRRHA - Applications Fuel research Φtot = 0. 5 to 1. 1015 n/cm². s F = 1 to 5. 1014 n/cm². s (ppm He/dpa ~ 10) in medium-large volumes Material research FFast = 1 to 5. 1014 n/cm². s (En>1 Me. V) in large volumes Fission GEN IV 50 to 100 MWth FFast = ~1015 n/cm². s (En>0. 75 Me. V) Waste Fth = 0. 5 to 2. 1015 n/cm². s (En<0. 4 e. V) 5 Multipurpose h. Ybrid Research Reactor for High-tech Applications Radioisotopes Fusion High energy LINAC 600 Me. V – 1 Ge. V Long irradiation time Fundamental research Silicon doping Lucia Popescu(SCK • CEN), Nuclear-physics applications of MYRRHA Fth = 0. 1 to 1. 1014 n/cm². s (En<0. 4 e. V) Copyright © 2013 SCK • CEN

MYRRHA Reactor Core Accommodating Different Experiments E. g. of potential core configuration: l 151 positions l 37 multifunctional plugs 6 Lucia Popescu(SCK • CEN), Nuclear-physics applications of MYRRHA Copyright © 2013 SCK • CEN

MYRRHA - Applications Fuel research Φtot = 0. 5 to 1. 1015 n/cm². s F = 1 to 5. 1014 n/cm². s (ppm He/dpa ~ 10) in medium-large volumes Material research FFast = 1 to 5. 1014 n/cm². s (En>1 Me. V) in large volumes Fission GEN IV 50 to 100 MWth FFast = ~1015 n/cm². s (En>0. 75 Me. V) Waste Fth = 0. 5 to 2. 1015 n/cm². s (En<0. 4 e. V) 7 Multipurpose h. Ybrid Research Reactor for High-tech Applications Radioisotopes Fusion High energy LINAC 600 Me. V – 1 Ge. V Long irradiation time Fundamental research Silicon doping Lucia Popescu(SCK • CEN), Nuclear-physics applications of MYRRHA Fth = 0. 1 to 1. 1014 n/cm². s (En<0. 4 e. V) Copyright © 2013 SCK • CEN

Relative radiotoxicity Motivation for Transmutation transmutation of spent fuel no reprocessing Uranium natural Time (years) 8 spent fuel reprocessing Duration Reduction 1. 000 x Volume Reduction 100 x Lucia Popescu(SCK • CEN), Nuclear-physics applications of MYRRHA Copyright © 2013 SCK • CEN

MYRRHA - Applications Fuel research Φtot = 0. 5 to 1. 1015 n/cm². s F = 1 to 5. 1014 n/cm². s (ppm He/dpa ~ 10) in medium-large volumes Material research FFast = 1 to 5. 1014 n/cm². s (En>1 Me. V) in large volumes Fission GEN IV 50 to 100 MWth FFast = ~1015 n/cm². s (En>0. 75 Me. V) Waste Fth = 0. 5 to 2. 1015 n/cm². s (En<0. 4 e. V) 9 Multipurpose h. Ybrid Research Reactor for High-tech Applications Radioisotopes Fusion High energy LINAC 600 Me. V – 1 Ge. V Long irradiation time Fundamental research Silicon doping Lucia Popescu(SCK • CEN), Nuclear-physics applications of MYRRHA Fth = 0. 1 to 1. 1014 n/cm². s (En<0. 4 e. V) Copyright © 2013 SCK • CEN

ISOL@MYRRHA - Applications Catalogue - Prioritize experimental programmes in need of high RIB intensity & extended beam time - ISOL applications – in red, ISOL@MYRRHA applications: 12 Lucia Popescu(SCK • CEN), Nuclear-physics applications of MYRRHA Copyright © 2013 SCK • CEN

Atomic Physics l QED tests in the strong-field limit of HCI l Use of atomic physics techniques Ø Interest in laser- and radiofrequency-spectroscopy with: • High sensitivity (study of weakly-produced beams) Resonance-ionization spectroscopy • experiments with MOTs • Laser-Ion Source Trap (LIST) for ultra-high selectivity • • High precision (observing weak effects) • Collinear spectroscopy • experiments with MOTs • experiments with electron beam ion trap EBIT (highlycharged ions) and Penning traps 13 Lucia Popescu(SCK • CEN), Nuclear-physics applications of MYRRHA Copyright © 2013 SCK • CEN

Nuclear Physics l b-decay spectroscopy of exotic nuclei B. Jonson and K. Riisager, NPA 693 (2001) 77. l Interest in small b-decay branches l GTGR l b-delayed (multi-)particle emission; l Cluster decay l Decay of ‘Halo’ nuclei l High-precision measurements and/or experiments with inherent limited detection efficiency l E. g. : g-ray crystal spectrometer with a bent-crystal geometry (cf. GAMS 5 - ILL) l Need strong sources and high statistics 14 Lucia Popescu(SCK • CEN), Nuclear-physics applications of MYRRHA Copyright © 2013 SCK • CEN

Fundamental Interactions l High-precision experiments needing long beam times l Data taking (statistics) l Calibration, systematic errors l Potential topics Conserved vector current hypothesis • Unitarity of CKM quark mixing matrix • Right-handed currents • Scalar currents Ø Ft (0+ 0+ Fermi Transitions) • Ø Correlation measurements Ø Neutral atoms 15 • • Scalar currents Tensor currents Parity violation Time reversal invariance • Parity violation • Time reversal invariance Lucia Popescu(SCK • CEN), Nuclear-physics applications of MYRRHA Copyright © 2013 SCK • CEN

Solid-State Physics & Biology l 8 Li • b-NMR 8 Li b-NMR at TRIUMF Production of polarized 8 Li – circularly polarized laser light – asymmetry in -decay of 8 Li • • • Deposit 8 Li on surface or in bulk (energy variation) RF spec. : frequency and line shape - interaction between solid and 8 Li Better understanding of both bulk and interface properties (thin films of multiferroic materials; structural and magnetic properties of diluted magnetic semiconductors; …) M. Xu et al. , Journal of Magnetic Resonance 191 (2008) 47 l Emission Channeling • Direct information on the lattice site of impurity atoms with high sensitivity and precision: Ø Understand the effect of impurity atoms and the influence of lattice defects Ø Understand electrical, magnetic, and optical properties U. Wahl et al. , Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A 524 (2004) 245 Higher yield: more suitable isotopes and several new probe elements become available Long and frequent. Lucia beam access: more detailed systematic studies become possible 16 Popescu(SCK • CEN), Nuclear-physics applications of MYRRHA Copyright © 2013 SCK • CEN

Medical Applications Conventional cancer treatments: • Surgery • Radiation therapy • Combination of radiation and surgery Burkitt-lymphoma cancer study on mice: (G. J. Beyer et al. , Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging 31 (2004) 547) Tumor-seeking tracer: Rituximab Radio-isotope: 149 Tb • Chemotherapy Beginning of: • Systematic radio-nuclide therapy Tumor-seeking tracer labeled with a emitter Range of a emitters: 30 -80 mm (cell surgery) Important criteria: • Half-life • Radio-toxicity of daughter isotopes • Bio-kinetics (in-vivo stability of tumorseeking tracer) • Affordable production price • Reliable supply 149 Tb 17 70 -kg patient sample (5 GBq): 0. 6 -Ge. V p + Ta: ~1. 5 h/sample (~6000 per year) 1 -Ge. V p + Ta: ~0. 6 h/sample (~15000 per year) SCK • CEN (Courtesy D. Pauwels, SCK • CEN) Lucia Popescu(SCK • CEN), Nuclear-physics applications of MYRRHA Copyright © 2013

MYRRHA: EXPERIMENTAL ACCELERATOR DRIVEN SYSTEM A pan-European, innovative and unique facility at Mol (BE) ility c a f OL IS 18 Lucia Popescu(SCK • CEN), Nuclear-physics applications of MYRRHA Copyright © 2013 SCK • CEN

ISOL@MYRRHA Acknowledgements l Bri. X-network partners: especially IKS-K. U. Leuven l TRIUMF l LIEBE collaboration l EURISOL collaboration 20 Lucia Popescu(SCK • CEN), Nuclear-physics applications of MYRRHA Copyright © 2013 SCK • CEN

Copyright © 2013 - SCK CEN PLEASE NOTE! This presentation contains data, information and formats for dedicated use ONLY and may not be copied, distributed or cited without the explicit permission of the SCK • CEN. If this has been obtained, please reference it as a “personal communication. By courtesy of SCK • CEN”. SCK • CEN Studiecentrum voor Kernenergie Centre d'Etude de l'Energie Nucléaire Belgian Nuclear Research Centre Stichting van Openbaar Nut Fondation d'Utilité Publique Foundation of Public Utility Registered Office: Avenue Herrmann-Debrouxlaan 40 – BE-1160 BRUSSELS Operational Office: Boeretang 200 – BE-2400 MOL Copyright © 2013 SCK • CEN