Neutrino Oscillation Physics with a Neutrino Factory EPSHEP

Neutrino Oscillation Physics with a Neutrino Factory EPS-HEP Conference, Grenoble on behalf of IDS-NF Collaboration Paul Soler, 21 July 2011

International Design Study o International Design Study for a Neutrino Factory (IDS-NF) ― Principal objective: deliver Reference Design Report by 2013 § § § Physics performance of the Neutrino Factory Specification of each of the accelerator, diagnostic, and detector systems that make up the facility Schedule and cost of the Neutrino Factory accelerator, diagnostics, and detector systems. Co-sponsored by EU through EUROnu ― Web site: https: //www. ids-nf. org/wiki/Front. Page Interim Design Report: IDS-NF-020 delivered in 2011 ― o IDR was used to measure progress in planning for these facilities and detailed performance parameters at half way point of study Reviewed by International Panel organised by ECFA, chaired by Prof Francis Halzen (Wisconsin), at Daresbury Lab on 5 -6 May 2011 Report this afternoon at joint ECFA-EPS session EPS-HEP, Grenoble: 21 st July 2011 2

Neutrino Factory Baseline o Two Magnetised Iron Neutrino Detectors (MIND): – 100 kton at 2500 -5000 km – 50 kton at 7000 -8000 km Baseline constantly under review in light of new physics results EPS-HEP, Grenoble: 21 st July 2011 3

Physics Case for a Neutrino Factory EPS-HEP, Grenoble: 21 st July 2011 4

Neutrino Oscillations in Matter Minakata & Nunokawa JHEP 2001 o Matter oscillation results for three neutrinos: (MSW effect) where is for EPS-HEP, Grenoble: 21 st July 2011 5

Neutrino Oscillations in Matter oscillation results for three neutrinos: (MSW effect) Only one term in equation Magic baseline: Clean determination of q 13 Magic baseline only depends on value of density of Earth where is for EPS-HEP, Grenoble: 21 st July 2011 6

Neutrino Oscillation fits o Global fit provides: Schwetz, Tortola, Valle § sin 2 q 12=0. 312+0. 017 -0. 015 § Dm 212 =7. 59+0. 20 -0. 18× 10 -5 e. V 2 § sin 2 q 23=0. 51 0. 06 § Dm 312=2. 45 0. 09× 10 -3 e. V 2 Normal o Inverted Hints for non-zero q 13: NH(IH) § § o Yet to be defined in detail: T 2 K: 0. 03(0. 04)<sin 2 q 13<0. 28(0. 34) (2. 5 s) § Confirm q 13 value MINOS: 0<sin 2 q 13<0. 12(0. 19) (1. 7 s) § Is q 23=p/4, <p/4 or >p/4? Reactors: sin 2 q 13=0. 023+0. 016 -0. 013 (2. 3 s) § Mass hierarchy: sign Dm 312 7 EPS-HEP, Grenoble: 21 st July 2011 Combined: sin 2 q 13=0. 021(0. 025)± 0. 007 Fogli et al. § CP violation phase d

Neutrino Factory Accelerator and Detectors EPS-HEP, Grenoble: 21 st July 2011 8

Neutrino Factory Baseline o Proton driver – Proton beam ~8 Ge. V on target o Target, capture and decay – Create p, decay into m (MERIT) o Bunching and phase rotation – Reduce DE of bunch o Cooling – Reduce transverse emittance (MICE) o Acceleration – 120 Me. V 25 Ge. V with RLAs and FFAG o Decay rings – Store for ~1000 turns – Long straight sections See poster on Neutrino Factory EPS-HEP, Grenoble: 21 st July 2011 accelerator facility Neutrino spectra calculable to high accuracy 9

Baseline for a Neutrino Factory: MIND o Golden channel signature: appearance of “wrong-sign” muons in Magnetic Iron Neutrino Detector (MIND) magnetised iron calorimeter IDS-NF simulations for 25 Ge. V Nu. Fact: o o o Two far detectors: ― 2500 -5000 km baseline: 100 kton ― 7000 -8000 km (magic) baseline: 50 kton Appearance of “wrong-sign” muons Segmentation: n ― 3 cm Fe + 2 cm scintillator detector 50% wrong sign muon 50 -100 m long 14 mx 3 cm plates Toroidal magnetic field: 1. 0 -2. 2 T Engineering well advanced See poster on Neutrino Factory 10 EPS-HEP, Grenoble: 21 st July 2011 detectors

MIND analysis o Curvature error (CC rejection) and NC rejection CC signal nm-CC Num hits > 150 nm-CC o Kinematic cuts: Neutrino energy (En=Em+Ehad) vs EPS-HEP, Grenoble: 21 st July 2011 11

MIND: CC and NC background o Analysis with Nuance and GEANT 4: anti-numu as anti-numu CC background NC as numu NC as anti-numu NC background EPS-HEP, Grenoble: 21 st July 2011 12

MIND: ne background and signal o Analysis with Nuance and GEANT 4: nue as numu anti-nue as anti-numu nue background numu efficiency anti-numu efficiency Signal efficiencies EPS-HEP, Grenoble: 21 st July 2011 13

Near Detectors o Near detector: – Neutrino flux (<1% precision) and extrapolation to far detector – Charm production (main background) and taus for Non Standard Interactions (NSI) searches – Cross-sections and other measurements (ie PDFs, sin 2 q. W) ~20 m 3 m n beam 3 m Vertex Detector High Res Detector Two options Mini-MIND EPS-HEP, Grenoble: 21 st July 2011 B>1 T 14

Performance of a Neutrino Factory with MIND EPS-HEP, Grenoble: 21 st July 2011 15

Flexible design of Neutrino Factory o Optimisation for one baseline as function of q 13 Contours of CP coverage For large q 13: Energy 10 Ge. V Baseline 2000 km 100 kton MIND For small q 13: Energy ~25 Ge. V Baseline ~4000 km 100 kton MIND EPS-HEP, Grenoble: 21 st July 2011 16

Neutrino Factory performance o o Optimised performance for small q 13 (25 Ge. V, two detectors) and large q 13 (10 Ge. V, 100 kton detector) MIND analysis Performance based on 5 Ge. V, 1300 km, 20 kton Totally Active Scintillator Detector (TASD, magenta) EPS-HEP, Grenoble: 21 st July 2011 17

Neutrino Factory performance o Optimised performance for small q 13 (25 Ge. V, two detectors) and large q 13 (10 Ge. V, 100 kton detector) MIND analysis EPS-HEP, Grenoble: 21 st July 2011 18

Neutrino Factory performance o Comparison Neutrino Factory and other facilities – Neutrino Factory outperforms all other facilities EPS-HEP, Grenoble: 21 st July 2011 19

Conclusions o International Design Study is progressing on course – Interim Design Report delivered March 2011 – We had successful ECFA review May 2011 (final report due soon) – On target to produce Reference Design Report, including performance and costs by 2013 o Main concepts for accelerator systems have been defined – Main areas of work are at interfaces between components o Two Magnetised Iron Neutrino Detectors (MIND) at standard Neutrino Factory (25 Ge. V) is small q 13 baseline: – 2500 -5000 km with 100 kton mass – 7000 -8000 km (magic baseline) with 50 kton o o 10 Ge. V Neutrino Factory with one 100 kton MIND shows best performance for large q 13 (sin 2 q 13> 10 -2) Conceptual design for near detector being established EPS-HEP, Grenoble: 21 st July 2011 20

Backup slides EPS-HEP, Grenoble: 21 st July 2011 21

Expected neutrino event rates in MIND sin 22 q 13 Event rates 100 kton 4× 10 -2 MIND at 4000 km 5× 10 -5 21 (for 10 m decays) nm CC ne CC nm + ne NC nm signal 2. 5× 105 7. 0× 105 3. 1× 105 1. 2× 104 2. 5× 105 7. 2× 105 3. 2× 105 2. 2× 102 anti-numu CC anti-nu NC nue CC Need 10 -4 bkg suppression nu NC EPS-HEP, Grenoble: 21 st July 2011 22

MIND: signal efficiency o Difference in numu and anti-numu efficiencies: effectively only because of Bjorken y distribution (inelasticity) of neutrinos and antineutrinos nm-CC EPS-HEP, Grenoble: 21 st July 2011 23

MIND: systematic errors o Systematic errors: hadronic energy & angular resolution o Systematic errors: ratio of QES/DIS, 1 p/DIS, “Other”/DIS EPS-HEP, Grenoble: 21 st July 2011 24

MIND: tau contamination Tau neutrino simulations using GENIE already implemented o ― New results since IDR: nt signal right-sign nutau as numu ― anti-nutau as anti-numu New results since IDR: nt signal wrong-sign anti-nutau as numu nutau as anti-numu EPS-HEP, Grenoble: 21 st July 2011 25

Roadmap EPS-HEP, Grenoble: 21 st July 2011 26