Maternity Nursing and Reproductive Health Concepts 5202021 1

Maternity Nursing and Reproductive Health Concepts 5/20/2021 1

Historical Perspectives o o Major changes occurred in maternity nursing care in the first half of twentieth century as child birth moved out of home into hospital settings Before twentieth century , childbirth usually occurred in the home with assistance of Granny. 5/20/2021 2

Continued o o o At that time maternal and infant death rates resulting from childbearing were high. The primary causes of maternal death were Post partum hemorrhage Post partum infection Toxemia or preeclampsia 5/20/2021 3

o o 5/20/2021 The Primary Causes of infant Death were Prematurity Dehydration Contagious diseases 4

By 1960 90% of all births in USA occur in hospitals Maternity care became strictly controlled. All Maternity care were managed by physician and lay midwifery became illegal 5/20/2021 5

Development of Family – Centered Maternity care o Family centered maternity care is the term used to describe safe, quality care that recognizes and adapts to both the physical and psychosocial needs of the family including those of the newborn. 5/20/2021 6

Continued o The emphasis is on fostering family unity while maintaining physical safety 5/20/2021 7

Basic principles of Family centered care o o Childbirth is usually a normal , healthy event in the life of the family Childbirth affects the entire family , and restructuring of family relationships is required 5/20/2021 8

Continued o Families are capable of making decisions about care , provided that they are given adequate information and professional support 5/20/2021 9

o o Family centered care greatly increased the responsibilities of nurses. It is no longer enough for nurses to provide only physical care and to assist physicians. Nurses now assume a major role in teaching , counseling and supporting families in their decisions 5/20/2021 10

Maternal infant nursing addresses o Health care needs of woman and infants in a holistic approach to meet the physical, psychological and spiritual needs of individuals and families 5/20/2021 11

o The perinatal nurse care of childbearing families through all stages of pregnancy, birth and early parenting 5/20/2021 12

o During the prenatal period the nurse monitors the course of pregnancy, evaluates the wellbeing of the fetus and prepares the family or childbirth mother 5/20/2021 13

o During labor and birth the nurse assesses the progress of labor , monitors the states of the mother and baby, assists with comfort measures, and supports the family 5/20/2021 14

o After birth the nurse enhances the mother baby relation ship, aids in mothers recovery and teaches newborn care 5/20/2021 15

o Nurses also care for healthy newborns through assessment and maintenance of transition to extrauterine life as well as educating the woman about breast feeding , immunization and family planning 5/20/2021 16

Definition Of Reproductive Health o Reproductive Health is defined by WHO as “ a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity in all matters related to reproductive systems and to its process and functions 5/20/2021 17

Components of reproductive Health o o Education on sexuality and gender relations Prevention, screening and treatment of reproductive tract infections, STDs, including HIV/AIDS and gynecological problems 5/20/2021 18

o Fully informed , voluntary choice among a range of contraceptive methods 5/20/2021 19

o o Prevention and treatment of infertility Safe abortion services Prenatal care , supervised delivery and postpartum care Health services for infants and children 5/20/2021 20

Reproductive Health Rights o The right of all couples and individuals to decide freely and responsibly the number, spacing and timing of their children and to have information and means to do so 5/20/2021 21

o The right to attain the highest standard of sexual and reproductive health , and the right of services and information that make this possible 5/20/2021 22

o The right to make decision concerning reproduction free of descrimination, coercion or violence 5/20/2021 23