LONG TERM RECIRCULATION OF RO RESIDUAL LEACHATE Patrick

LONG TERM RECIRCULATION OF RO RESIDUAL LEACHATE Patrick Stanford Rochem Americas, Inc.

What is leachate?

Membrane Treatment

RO Flow Diagram

Site R 1 RO PFAS Rejection Results Compound (ng/l) Leachate Perfluorobutanesulfonic acid (PFBS) 280 1100 Perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA) Perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHp. A) 480 Perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHx. S) 690 Perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHx. A) 2100 Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) 200 Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) 820 Perfluoropentanoic acid Detection (PFPe. A) Limit 880 < is value below Method 1 -Pass Permeate <2 5 <2 2 -Pass Effluent <1. 9 Rejection >99. 3% >99. 8% >99. 6% <2 7. 8 <2 2. 5 2. 7 <1. 9 >99. 7% >99. 9% >99. 1% >99. 8%

Site R 2 RO PFAS Rejection Results Compound (ng/l) 6: 2 FTS N-methyl perfluorooctane sulfonamidoacetic acid (NMe. FOSAA) Perfluorobutanesulfonic acid (PFBS) Perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA) Perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHp. A) Perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHx. S) Perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHx. A) Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) Perfluoropentanoic acid (PFPe. A) Leachate 360 130 2 -Pass Effluent <1. 2 <4. 2 Rejection >99. 7% >96. 8% 4200 2500 370 2200 170 1600 770 <0. 9 <2. 7 <1. 2 <0. 94 *1. 4 <1 *0. 47 <1. 1 >99. 98% >99. 9% >99. 8% >99. 7% 99. 9% >99. 4% 99. 97% >99. 9% < is value below Method Detection Limit * Is estimated value lower than Method Reporting limit.

Site N 1 RO PFAS Rejection Results Compound (ng/l) Perfluoro(3, 5 -dioxahexanoic) acid (PFO 2 Hx. A) Perfluoro-2 -methoxyacetic acid (PFMOAA) Perfluoro-4 -methoxybutanic acid (PFMOBA) Perfluorobutanesulfonic acid (PFBS) Perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA) Perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHp. A) Perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHx. S) Perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHx. A) Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) Perfluoropentanoic acid (PFPe. A) < is value below Method Detection Limit Leachate 599 780 1070 1220 2040 593 931 2410 228 1250 1110 2 -Pass Effluent <1. 19 <0. 595 <0. 595 Rejection >99. 8% >99. 9% >99. 7% >99. 9%

Concentration vs Recovery

Controlled Recirculation

Long Term Trends from Three Landfills Landfill A Never Recirculated Landfill B 10 Years of RO Residual Leachate Recirculation, Prior 10 Years of Evaporator Sludge Recirculation Landfill C 20 Years of RO Residual Leachate Recirculation

A = No Recirc B=RO & Evap Recirc C=RO Only Recirc

A = No Recirc B=RO & Evap Recirc C=RO Only Recirc

A = No Recirc B=RO & Evap Recirc C=RO Only Recirc

A = No Recirc B=RO & Evap Recirc C=RO Only Recirc

A = No Recirc B=RO & Evap Recirc C=RO Only Recirc

A = No Recirc B=RO & Evap Recirc C=RO Only Recirc

A = No Recirc B=RO & Evap Recirc C=RO Only Recirc

A = No Recirc B=RO & Evap Recirc C=RO Only Recirc

Landfills are the Proper Repository Source: Waste Management

PATRICK STANFORD ROCHEM AMERICAS, INC. PAT@ROCHEMAMERICAS. COM WWW. ROCHEMAMERICAS. COM (310) 374 -0202