Kingdom Animalia Invertebrates Phylum Porifera Phylum Cnideria SPONGES

Kingdom Animalia Invertebrates Phylum Porifera Phylum Cnideria

SPONGES

Sponges Phylum Porifera (pore-bearers)/ simplest animal Body Symmetry/Shape: Asymmetrical Segmentation: None Coelom/body cavity: Acoelomates Nervous system: No Cephalization Skeleton/Movement: Sessile, Endoskeleton. Spicules

SPONGES Digestion: filter feeders / many pores. Choanocytes are flagellated cells that pull food in thru ostia (pores) and the amoebocyte cells circulate food around the organism Excretion: diffusion; wastes exit thru osculum Circulation: None Respiration: diffusion-obtain oxygen from water Reproduction: sexual-Hermaphrodites(have sperm & egg)-Both sexes in same organism called monoecious: asexual- bud; Regenerate body parts

Sponge examples &Uses Examples: natural & kitchen sponges Uses: cleaning, bathing, & makeup application

Body structure: A. Osculum: water exits-part of feeding B. Pore cells (ostia): water enters-part of feeding C. Collar cells: (choanocytes)- line interior, have flagella to filter out food from water D. Amoebocytes: carry nutrients from collar cells to body of the sponge E. Spicules- support/skeleton F. Epithelial cells-”skin”support/protection

Figure 26– 8 The Anatomy of a Sponge Section 26 -2 Water flow Osculum Central cavity Pores Choanocyte(collar cells) Spicule Pore cell Pore Epidermal cell Archaeocyte

Cnidarians Aurelia Portuguese-man -of-war Sea Aneome Hydras

Phylum Cnidaria- “stinging cell”; predators Germ Layers: 2 Body Symmetry/shape: Radial, 2 body forms: Polyp & Medusa Segmentation: none Coelom: Acoelomate Nervous: Cephalization absent; Nerve Net-conducts impulses Skeleton/Movement: Hydrostatic; nematocyst: stinging cells found on tentacles;

Digestion: one body opening for food & wastes Excretion: Circulation: none Respiration: oxygen diffuses into body from water Reproduction: asexual-budding-Polyp form- ex. Hydra sexual-Medusa form- ex. Jellyfish regenerates body parts

Groups & Uses of Cnidarians • 3 Groups of Cnidarians: 1. Hydrozoans: colonies which appear to be one organism Ex: Portuguese-man-of-war 2. Scyphozoans: independent medusa forms Ex: jellyfish, box jelly 3. Anthozoans: colonies of polyps Ex: corals, sea anemone Riches of the sea

Structure: The Polyp and Medusa Stages Epidermis Mesoglea Gastroderm Tentacles Mesoglea Gastrovascular cavity Mouth/anus Gastrovascular cavity Tentacles Medusa Polyp basal disc: sticky structure at the bottom of polyp ; sessile