IOS XR Introduction Anilkumar Dantu CCIE 22536 HTTS

IOS XR Introduction • Anilkumar Dantu CCIE (22536) HTTS, Cisco Systems

Carrier Grade NOS Features Expectation and OS Concepts Welcome to XR OS packaging XR OS installation Configuration in XR OS Troubleshooting in XR © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 2

Ø Scalability Ø High Availability Ø Security Ø Flexibility It is not that IOS does not meet these expectations. Only extent to which it can meet these expectations in future was getting challenged due to its OS structure. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 3

Ø Operating system, Kernel , CPU , memory , I/O , Applications , processes etc OS OS Monolithic Kernel © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Micro kernel Cisco Confidential 4

Data plane Control plane Data plane BGP RIPBGP Control plane Control Plane - Plane separation & fault isolation Management plane IS-ISRIP BGP OSPF IS-ISRIP Routing OSPF policy IS-IS PIM Routing OSPF Policy IGMPPIM Routing Policy RIBIGMP PIM RIBIGMP L 2 drivers ACL RIB L 2 Drivers FIB ACL L 2 Drivers Qo. S FIB ACL LPTSQo. S FIB Host services LPTSQo. S PFI Services Host LPTS Interfaces PFI Services Host CLI Interfaces PFI SNMPCLI Interfaces XML SNMP Netflow CLI XML SNMP Alarm Netflow Perf. mgmt. XML Alarm Netflow SSH Perf. Mgmt. Alarm SSH Perf. Mgmt. - Protected process memory space - Preemptive Scheduling Distributed subsystems/processes Data plane Management plane SSH § Core OS Capabilities(QNX Based Micro Kernel) l e k ro Scheduling IPC mech. Memory mgmt. H/W abstraction M e rn ic System services Memory-protected microkernel © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 5

• More than 200+ Processes. • Checkpoint support for process Restart and process level Redundancy © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 6

IOS XR Kernel Monolithic Micro kernel Memory Shared Protected Scheduling of process Priority based- Non-preemptive Priority based- preemptive Process stop/restart No Yes Modular architecture No Yes Services running mode Kernel mode Application/user space mode © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 7

• Inline with its software architecture XR OS Software is available as a modular package. On CCO we can download XR OS in form of Tar file eg : XR 12000 -iosxr-4. 1. 0. tar • Once file is untarred – we see Cisco IOS XR Bootable Files, PIEs, and SMUs © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 8

• Cisco IOS XR Bootable Files, PIEs, and SMUs • Files ending with. vm extension are bootable files. VM file contains – operating system kernel , Base image , admin plane functions , routing & forwarding bundles. VM files is used to boot router during fresh installation or as last resort recovery. Installation of the. vm image file results in the installation of a number of individual packages. • PIE (Package installation envelope) : Upgrade packages, Optional additional packages • SMU (software Maintainence units) : These are fixes MGBL SEC MPLS MCAST Routing Line card Forwarding Admin Or patches for Bugs. Eg- c 12 -4. 1. 0. CSCto 40258. pie Optional Mandatory Base OS-MBI © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 9

• In XR TURBO-BOOT refers to booting of Router from ROMON mode. • TURBO-BOOT is required during IOS to XR conversion or recovery of router from ROMON mode. • TURBO_BOOT steps: - First step is to verify existing ROMON settings by querying it using “set” command -you can use “unset Variable” command to clear existing settings -Second step is to set the TURBOBOOT variable in ROMON to a non-volatile storage where. vm file is stored. - Last step is © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. rommon. B 7> boot disk 0: c 12 k-mini. vm-4. 1. 0 Cisco Confidential 10

- With TURBOBOOT variable in ROMON set to “on” and boot command starts the TURBOBOOT process. Here XR OS is loaded into memory & after verification of disk space , OS is copied to the disk. - Once OS is copied to disk , boot variable is set to disk 0: product_osmbi_4. 1. 0/product-rp. vm & config register is set to 0 x 102. After that node is reloaded to boot from disk 0: the new boot variable. This completes the TURBOBOOT process. - Once installation of XR OS is complete and we can verify the details using commands show install active summary show version - Installation/booting with. vm file give only basic routing & forwarding capability. For additional capability you need to install specific PIE files. - Install add disk 0: package_name. pie activate © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 11

• From XR OS installation procedure we have seen flash disk (disk 0: , disk 1: ) is used extensively for loading XR image , config files (running configs , roll back configs) , PIEs , SMUs etc. So pulling out flash disk from running node will make node unresponsive/reload. • Make sure RP cards has appropriate disk space available , RP & LC hardware compatible with XR as OS, and also verify the RP, LC has minimum firmware (romon, fpd) level to boot up in XR. • Many of the XR supporting nodes RP cards will have a harddisk (40 GB or more) used basically for archiving of logs, dump files , additional sw packages. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 12

• - In XR there is no differentiation as startup-config & running config as in IOS. • - In XR configuration is divided into Admin plane , share plane & local plane. Hence the configuration file structure is also developed to support it. • Here running configuration is stored in binary format (known as primary persistent configuration) as compared to ASCII format of startup/running config in IOS. Configuration file stored in binary format helps in faster loading during bootup. And added features of commit reference points, rollback is made possible. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 13

© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 14

• RP & LC states. • Logs & storing of wrapped logs, • Show tech files • Traces captures • Process crash traceback decodes © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 15

Thank you.