INSTITUTIONAL AND DISCURSIVE OPPORTUNITY STRUCTURES MARCO GIUGNI Universidad

INSTITUTIONAL AND DISCURSIVE OPPORTUNITY STRUCTURES MARCO GIUGNI (Universidad de Ginebra) Con la colaboración y financiación de:

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

POLITICAL OPPORTUNITY STRUCTURE • Individual rights • Cultural group rights • General political opportunity structure • Specific political opportunity structure

INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS • Access to short-term permits • Access to long-term permits • Access to family reunion • Access to nationality • Labor market access • Welfare state access • Anti-discrimination rights • Political rights

CULTURAL GROUP RIGHTS • Cultural requirements to access the community • Language programs • Schooling • Religion • Media • Labor market: group rights

GENERAL POLITICAL OPPORTUNITY STRUCTURE • Configuration of powers • Participatory mechanisms

SPECIFIC POLITICAL OPPORTUNITY STRUCTURE • Degree of development of immigrants’ integration policy at the local level • Political representation of immigrants • Attitude of local powers towards minority/immigrants organizations • Attitude of local powers towards organizations whose activity is specialized in/has an impact on immigration/integration issues • Political audience of anti-immigrant and radical right parties

• Some examples of the use of our indicators to ‘map’ the openness of POS in each city for different dimensions. • Capacity to plot cities, but also distinguish between different migrant/ethnic groups within each city, whenever relevant. • +1= most open, 0=neutral, -1=most closed

ACCESS TO SHORT-TERM PERMITS

ACCESS TO LONG-TERM PERMITS

FAMILY REUNION

ACCESS TO NATIONALITY

WELFARE STATE ACCESS (ALL MIGRANT STATUSES)

POLITICAL RIGHTS

CULTURAL REQUIREMENTS

RELIGION: ISLAM

CONFIGURATION OF POWER

PARTICIPATION MECHANISMS

IMMIGRANTS’ INTEGRATION POLICIES

POLITICAL REPRESENTATION OF IMMIGRANTS

DISCURSIVE POS • Goal: to measure POS that is not just based on institutional policies and practices, but also at the level of discourses and public representations. • Methods: analysis of claims-making through newspaper reports. • Results: only preliminary, but interesting contrasts between institutional & discursive POS. • Interpretation also +1/-1.

DISCURSIVE POS BY CITY (preliminary results, pending several cities)

DISCURSIVE POS BY ACTOR (all cities together)

NATIONAL/SUBNATIONAL (INSTITUTIONAL POS)

NATIONAL/SUBNATIONAL (DISCURSIVE POS)

SHARE OF MIGRANT ACTORS IN CLAIM-MAKING