GOVERNMENT COLLEGE FOR WOMEN AUTONOMOUS KUMBAKONAM DEPARTMENT OF
GOVERNMENT COLLEGE FOR WOMEN (AUTONOMOUS) KUMBAKONAM DEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY I – M. Sc - GEOGRAPHY APPLIED GEOMORPHOLOGY Mrs. B. ANUSUYA, Assistant Professor & Head, Department of Geography, Government College for Women (A), Kumbakonam.
UNIT: II APPLIED GEOMORPHOLOGY - P 18 GC 101 INTERNAL PROCESSES Definition of Geomorphology : A Science that deals with the Relief Features of the Earth or of another celestial body (such as the moon) and seeks an interpretation of them based on their origins and development. Geomorphology is the study of landforms, their processes, form and sediments at the surface of the Earth (and sometimes on other planets).
What is the GEOMOROHOLOGY: Geomorphology is the study of landforms, their processes, form and sediments at the surface of the Earth (and sometimes on other planets). Study includes looking at landscapes to work out how the earth surface processes, such as air, water and ice, can mould the landscape. Landforms are produced by erosion or deposition, as rock and sediment is worn away by these earth-surface processes and transported and deposited to different localities. The different climatic environments produce different suites of landforms. The landforms of deserts, such as sand dunes and ergs, are a world apart from the glacial and periglacial features found in polar and sub-polar regions. Geomorphologists map the distribution of these landforms so as to understand better their occurrence.
Earth-surface processes are forming landforms today, changing the landscape, albeit often very slowly. Most geomorphic processes operate at a slow rate, but sometimes a large event, such as a landslide or flood, occurs causing rapid change to the environment, and sometimes threatening humans. So geological hazards, such as volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, tsunamis and landslides, fall within the interests of geomorphologists. Advancements in remote sensing from satellites and GIS mapping has benefited geomorphologists greatly over the past few decades, allowing them to understand global distributions.
Geomorphologists are also “landscape-detectives” working out the history of a landscape. Most environments, such as Britain and Ireland, have in the past been glaciated on numerous occasions, tens and hundreds of thousands of years ago. These glaciations have left their mark on the landscape, such as the steep-sided valleys in the Lake District and the drumlin fields of central Ireland. Geomorphologists can piece together the history of such places by studying the remaining landforms and the sediments – often the particles and the organic material, such as pollen, beetles, diatoms and macrofossils preserved in lake sediments and peat, can provide evidence on past climate
So, Geomorphology is a diverse discipline. Although the basic Geomorphological principles can be applied to all environments, Geomorphologists tend to specialise in one or two areas, such aeolian (desert) geomorphology, glacial and periglacial Geomorphology, volcanic and tectonic Geomorphology, and even planetary Geomorphology. Most research is multi-disciplinary, combining the knowledge and perspectives from two contrasting disciplines, combining with subjects as diverse as ecology, geology, civil engineering, hydrology and soil science.
Because of inaccessibility, the areas are sparsely populated and the level of economic activity is low. Investment is also difficult to come by. Education, health and housing facilities in these regions reflect their underdeveloped nature. The fragile communication links that these regions have come under strain, often getting broken at times of heavy rains, snowfall, landslides, floods, etc. Earth's Internal Processes: Internal Processes within the Earth create a dynamic system that links the three major geologic sections of the Earth -- the Core, the Mantle and the Crust.
What is Internal Processes within the Earth? Internal Processes within the Earth create a dynamic system that links the three major geologic sections of the Earth -- the core, the mantle and the crust. Huge amounts of energy, conserved and created near the center of the Earth, are transferred by internal processes to other parts of the globe. What are the internal forces that have shaped the Earth? From space, Ride was seeing evidence of the internal forces that have shaped the earth's surface. The internal forces that shape the earth's surface begin beneath the lithosphere. Rock in the asthenosphere is hot enough to flow slowly. Heated rock rises, moves up toward the lithosphere, cools, and circulates downward.
MEANING OF INTERNAL PROCESSES: The Geology of the Earth's Internal Processes The Earth’s core extends from about 2, 900 kilometers (1, 810 miles) from below its surface to its center, about 6, 400 kilometers (4, 000 miles) from the surface. The core produces heat by radioactive decay of the elements inside it. It has also conserved heat produced during the formation of the planet billions of years ago. This heat is the also the source of the energy that drives processes in the mantle and the crust.
Internal and External Processes: The Earth'S Surface Canyon the shape of land forces the that drives earth woods earthquakes and volcanoes evidence of the that drives earth woods forces that change the face of earth The Forces That Change Face Of Earth S Changing. The Dynamic Earth Internal External Forces That Shape SInternal Forces Shaping The Earth. The Dynamic Earth Internal External Forces.
Internal Forces Shaping the Earth : The internal forces that shape the earth's surface begin beneath the lithosphere. Rock in the asthenosphere is hot enough to flow slowly. Heated rock rises, moves up toward the lithosphere, cools, and circulates downward. Riding above this circulation system are the tectonic plates, enormous moving pieces of the earth's lithosphere.
How do geological agents affect Earth's surface? Contrast the internal and external processes shaping Earth’s surface. External geological agents and processes affect the Earth's surface. They are powered by solar energy. External processes shape the relief created by internal processes. External agents carry out this process: water, ice, wind, atmosphere and human beings. What are some examples of earth surface processes? These examples focus on how Earth surface processes are interconnected or “coupled” to each other, to the atmosphere, and to the Earth’s interior; on the increasing human impact on Earth’s surface, including climate change; and on new technologies that have spurred recent theoretical advances in Earth surface processes.
What are interconnected processes on earth's surface? Interconnected processes at Earth’s surface are coupled to those of Earth’s interior in various ways that extend to millennial and longer time scales. The height and shape of rising mountains, for example, influence regional weather patterns, which affect rates of erosion via the amount and type of precipitation. What are the internal processes of the Earth? Internal processes within the Earth create a dynamic system that links the three major geologic sections of the Earth -- the core, the mantle and the crust. Huge amounts of energy, conserved and created near the center of the Earth, are transferred by internal processes to other parts
Importance of understanding the Interior of The Earth Understanding the structure of the earth’s interior (crust, mantle, core) and various forces (heat, seismic waves) emanating from it is essential to understand the evolution of the earth’s surface, its current shape and its future. the geophysical phenomenon like volcanism, earthquakes, etc. earth’s magnetic field the internal structure of various solar system objects the evolution and present composition of the atmosphere
Geomorphic Processes and Earth Movements The formation and deformation of landforms on the surface of the earth are a continuous process which is due to the continuous influence of external and internal forces. The internal and external forces causing stresses and chemical action on earth materials and bringing about changes in the configuration of the surface of the earth are known as geomorphic processes.
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