FATS LIPIDS FATS LIPIDS Functions Cholesterol Provides energy

FATS (LIPIDS)

FATS (LIPIDS) Functions: Cholesterol: • Provides energy (9 calories per gram) • • • Carries fat-soluble vitamins • Protects vital organs; provides insulation • Provides essential fatty acids Types: • Saturated • Unsaturated – Mono- and Poly • Trans fats LDL- “bad cholesterol” HDL- “good cholesterol” Sources: • • • Cheese Butter Nuts Meats Dressings Chocolate

SATURATED FATTY ACIDS Sources: • ANIMAL FATS : meat, poultry, eggs, cheese, whole-fat milk & cream, butter, lard • TROPICAL OILS : palm oil, coconut oil Chemical Structure:

SATURATED FATTY ACIDS STATE AT ROOM TEMP: Solid (think butter!) Any categories or types? NO What does it do? Linked to HIGH CHOLESTEROL & HEART DISEASE! ”Good” or “Bad”?

UNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS Sources: • PLANT OILS : olive, peanut, canola, corn, soybean, safflower, vegetable • SALAD DRESSING, NUTS, AVOCADOS • FISH LIKE TROUT, HERRING, & SALMON Chemical Structure:

UNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS STATE AT ROOM TEMP: Liquid (think oil!) Any categories or types? • MONO-UNSATURATED (one H missing) • POLYUNSATURATED (multiple Hs missing) – OMEGA-3, OMEGA-6 What does it do? POLYUNSATURATED can LOWER blood cholesterol levels; our body NEEDS these fatty acids

TRANS FATS Sources: • Crisco (shortening) & margarine • PACKAGED GOODS: crackers, cookies, cakes • FRIED FAST FOOD Chemical Structure:

TRANS FATS STATE AT ROOM TEMP: Solid due to HYDROGENATION Any categories or types? No What does it do? RAISES blood cholesterol levels (raises LDL, lowers HDL) “Good” or “Bad”?

REMEMBER: ALL FATS PROVIDE 9 CALORIES PER GRAM! TOO MUCH OF ANY KIND OF FAT WILL LEAD TO OBESITY!