Lipids Lipids Lipids are nonpolar molecules that include

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Lipids

Lipids

Lipids • Lipids are nonpolar molecules that include fats, oils, and cholesterol. – Many

Lipids • Lipids are nonpolar molecules that include fats, oils, and cholesterol. – Many contain carbon chains called fatty acids. – Fats and oils contain fatty acids bonded to glycerol. – Made of C, H, O – Building Blocks: 1 glycerol and 3 fatty acids – Most important lipids are fats, phospholipids and steroids

Dehydration Synthesis Fatty Acid Gylcerol

Dehydration Synthesis Fatty Acid Gylcerol

Dehydration Synthesis TRIGYLCERIDE

Dehydration Synthesis TRIGYLCERIDE

• Fatty acids will very in length (number of carbons) and the number

• Fatty acids will very in length (number of carbons) and the number and location of single and double bonds • Saturated fatty acids have a higher number of hydrogens and NO DOUBLE BONDS • Unsaturated fatty acids have ONE OR MORE DOUBLE BONDS

• Saturated fats are solid at room temperature • Mostly animal fats •

• Saturated fats are solid at room temperature • Mostly animal fats • A diet rich in these fats can lead to cardiovascular disease

• Unsaturated fats are liquid at room temperature • Plants and fish fats

• Unsaturated fats are liquid at room temperature • Plants and fish fats are examples

• Lipids have several different functions. – broken down as a source of

• Lipids have several different functions. – broken down as a source of energy – make up cell membranes • used to make hormones

• As an energy source fats can be broken down • Release a

• As an energy source fats can be broken down • Release a lot of energy however it takes a high amount of energy to break down 1 fat molecule • Humans and other animals store their fat as ADIPOSE CELLS • ADIPOSE TISSUE also cushions vital organs and insulates the body

• Phospholipids are two fatty acids and a phosphate group attached to a

• Phospholipids are two fatty acids and a phosphate group attached to a glycerol • Main structural component of cell membranes

Arrangement of Phospholipids

Arrangement of Phospholipids

• Steroids are lipids characterized by a carbon skeleton consisting of four fused

• Steroids are lipids characterized by a carbon skeleton consisting of four fused rings • Cholesterol, an important steroid, is a component in animal cell membranes • Although cholesterol is essential in animals, high levels in the blood may contribute to cardiovascular disease

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