Exo Terra Resource LLC A Driving Force in

Exo. Terra Resource, LLC A Driving Force in Satellites Michael Van. Woerkom President 12/1/2020 1

Overview • Microsats are the Fastest growing segment of the Satellite Industry • Planetary Science can tap into this growth for: • Reduced satellite Component cost • Reduced Launch cost • This can enable new mission types such as: • Global Networks • Formation Flying Missions • Shotgun Missions to multiple targets • Exo. Terra’s EPIC bus enables Microsat missions throughout inner solar system Mars Aerosol Tracker Exo. Terra’s EPIC Bus Provides Access to the Inner Solar System 12/1/2020 Exo. Terra Resource, LLC 2

Microsat Problems - Volume • The small size of Microsatellites limits: – – Solar Array Area Antenna Size Aperture Size Radiator Area • This limits: – – Power Data rates Instrument Performance Thermal Control Fitting all Necessary Components into Standardized Volumes is Challenging 12/1/2020 Exo. Terra Resource, LLC 3

Microsat Problems Propulsion • Rideshare restrictions and size limit total impulse • This limits Micro. Sat: – – – Orbit Raising Inclination Change Orbit Maintenance Interplanetary Orbit Insertion Momentum Management No Combustible Material No Toxic Material No Pressurized Material Rideshare Restrictions Prevent Most Propulsion Options 12/1/2020 Exo. Terra Resource, LLC 4

Microsat Problems – Radiation Tolerance • Current Cubesat Electronics use COTS parts with no radiation hardening. • This limits: – Ability to transit Van Allen Belts – Perform interplanetary missions – Lifetime/Reliability Low radiation tolerance limits the lifetime and applications for Cube. Sats 12/1/2020 Exo. Terra Resource, LLC 5

Electrically Propelled Interplanetary Cube. Sat – 6 U • Exo. Terra’s EPIC Bus Enables: – – – High Impulse Propulsion High Power Telecom High Power Instruments Radiation Tolerance Thermal Control • 6 U Configuration – – – 14 kg Wet Mass 1 km/s d. V 300 W BOL Power Iodine Propellant 1 kg Payload Iodine Hall Effect Thruster Iodine Tank 12/1/2020 150 W Solar Array (x 2) Exo. Terra Resource, LLC 6

EPIC – 12 U • 24 kg • 2200 m/s d. V • 400 W BOL Power • Xe Propellant • PPT Reaction Control • 6 U SEP module bolts to standard Pumpkin 6 U bus. • 2 kg Payload 12 U SEP Spacecraft Fits in PSC 12 U deployer 12/1/2020 Exo. Terra Resource, LLC 7

EPIC – 24 U • ~40 kg Wet Mass • > 6 km/s ∆V • > 525 W BOL Power 12/1/2020 • Warm gas ACS • 4 kg Payload • High power Telecom Exo. Terra Resource, LLC 8

EPIC – 100 kg • ~ 100 kg Wet Mass • > 10 km/s • ~1100 W BOL Power 12/1/2020 • . 5 m Ka Band Antenna (128 kbps from Mars) • 4 kg Payload Exo. Terra Resource, LLC 9

Exo. Terra’s Propulsion Solution • Halo: a Micro-Hall Effect Thruster: – – 700 -1500 s Isp 4 -33 m. N Thrust <. 65 kg 4000 hr Projected lifetime Halo Test Fire Gets Cube. Sats Where They Want to Go and Keeps Them There 12/1/2020 Exo. Terra Resource, LLC 10

Halo Development Status • 5 rounds of testing in vacuum chamber. >300 hrs of demonstrated operation & >100 restarts on latest prototype. • Tested on Xenon propellant 12/1/2020 Exo. Terra Resource, LLC 11

Exo. Terra’s Power Solution • Deployable Rolled Composite Boom Array – – 150 W array developed under Ph II SBIR Scales from 75 W – 550 W 130 -170 W/kg (Depending on power level). 16 W/cm 3 stowed power density Enables Cube. Sats to Gather More Data and Transmit it to Customers 12/1/2020 Exo. Terra Resource, LLC 12

Solar Array Development Status • Recently completed NASA Phase II SBIR • Testing included: – – – Functional Testing (Power & Deployment) Random Vibration (SLS rideshare /ESPA qual levels) Shock Thermal Cycling Post Environment Deployment 12/1/2020 Exo. Terra Resource, LLC 13

Power Processing Unit • Exo. Terra’s PPU provides 96 -98% efficiency and fits within a Cube. Sat form factor • Our <. 3 kg measured PPU mass is <70% of competing systems • Completed Functional and integrated testing with Halo • Designed for 100 krad TID 12/1/2020 Exo. Terra Resource, LLC 14

Radiation Tolerant Cube. Sat Power Distribution • • • >300 W Power throughput >100 k. Rad TID 30 Software programmable switches Demonstrated 98% Efficiency Currently at breadboard level development <. 25 kg Phase I Rad Tolerant PMAD Breadboard 12/1/2020 Exo. Terra Resource, LLC 15

Propellant Storage & Distribution • Modular Micro EP System • Currently funded under a Phase I SBIR • Future Iodine option would decrease mass by 67% 12/1/2020 Exo. Terra Resource, LLC 16

Exo. Terra Team • 18 Member team w/ over 150 yrs combined spacecraft experience • Experience with: – – – – System Design Electric Propulsion Power Systems Thermal Analysis Low Thrust Trajectory Mechanisms Stress & Dynamic Analysis RF Design Dream Chaser 12/1/2020 XSS-11 Micro. Sat Space Shuttle Stardust Genesis Exo. Terra Resource, LLC Orion 17

Development Schedule • • Jul ’ 18 – Complete 500 hr life test Dec ‘ 18 – Complete Micro EP Test Unit Build Jan ‘ 19 – Complete Halo 1000 hr Life Testing Jun ‘ 19 – EP Qual Testing Complete Jan ‘ 20 – Solar Array Qual Testing Complete May ‘ 20 – NASA EP Flight Test May ‘ 21 – AF Agile Inspector Flight 12/1/2020 Exo. Terra Resource, LLC 18

Conclusion • Exo. Terra’s Solar Electric Propulsion Systems and Buses enable new missions for Planetary Science Smallsats • High Power, High Impulse, High Data Rate & High radiation tolerance Microsatellites • Tested Hardware • Experienced development team Join us in the Excitement of Space Exploration! 12/1/2020 Exo. Terra Resource, LLC 19