ELINP IMPLEMENTATION STATUS AND TDRS COMPLETION INT WORKSHOP

ELI–NP: IMPLEMENTATION STATUS AND TDR’S COMPLETION (INT WORKSHOP FEB 18 -20, 2015) SYDNEY GALES FOR THE ELI–NP TEAM 1

ELI-NP – Facility Concept Major research equipments : beyond present day state–of–the–art IAEA Meeting Saclay (Fr) 1) Ultra–short pulse high power laser system – 2 x 10 PW maximum power Sept 15 -19 2014 Extreme E-M fields Femto scale Laser +e- Acc 2) Gamma radiation beam, high intensity, tunable energy up to 20 Me. V, relative bandwidth ~10– 3 , E= 0. 2 -19 Me. V Large discovery potential 2

ELI Nuclear Physics in Romania Structural Funds approved in Sept. 2012 Start construction June 2013 Projected completion date: spring 2018 Fully operation facility +1 -2 years Building under construction ( Completed Dec 2015) staff hiring in progress (~60 >240) Major equipment: two 10 PW lasers under construction Gamma Beam System under construction 293 Meuro 83% EC , 17% Romania 3

ELI-NP Milestones –Facility Construction Buildings – one contractor, 33000 m 2 total • Experimental area building • Canteen • Guest house • Office building February 16 th 2015 Experiments – 7000 m 2 • 8 experimental areas for gamma, laser, and combined gamma + laser research activitie 2 X 10 PW La sers G B S 5

ELI–NP Building Structure A – A accelerator bays LABORATOIRES A laser rooms basement anti–vibration mounts Platform supported on dampers Experiments Anti–vibration platform GBS ± 1 mm @ < 10 Hz A 6

ELI–NP Science Program and Instruments ELI-NP Board of Directors Project Director ELI-NP Physics and Engineering Team Scientific Director International Workgroups (total>100 ) >2 O Mo. U’s with major Laser and NP labs and Institutions (EU and Worldwide) High–Power Laser System Gamma Beams System 1. Gamma Beam Delivery & Diagnostics 1. Laser Beam Transport System 2. NRF Experiments 2 3. Photo–fission experiments 3. High Field Physics and QED 4. Gamma Above Threshold 4. Combined Gamma+ Laser expts 5. Charged Particle ( g, p) (g, a) 5. Materials in Extreme Environments for Energy, Accelerators and Space 6. Applications of Gamma beams Positron source , NRF , Neutron Imaging and Tomography, Radio-Isotopes for Medicine TDR’s Convener Laser Driven Nuclear Physics TDR’s Convener local liaison Engineering office Interface (building, safety RP , Vacuum, C&C, labs, workshops)

ELI–NP High Power Laser System (HPLS) Provided by THALES Optronique – Thales Romania 2 HPLS up to 10 PW – 6 outputs 2 x 0. 1 PW 10 Hz 2 x 1 PW 1 Hz 2 x 10 PW 0. 1 Hz Based on OPCPA July 12 th, 2013 8 on i t uc ) d ro t, Fr p in our r se lanc a l P s(E N Ile EL Tha at

3 D view of experimental areas for High-Power Laser Experiments E 6 area High Field QED E 1 area LDNP E 5 area 2 x 1 PW @1 Hz Gamma Bea m System Laser: ~ 1 J/ 1 ps = TW c lass E 7 area Combined Experiments E 4 area 2 x 0. 1 PW @10 Hz

Laser – TDR 1 Laser Driven Nuclear Physics Convener: M. Roth (TUD) ELI-NP Liaison: F. Negoita (IFIN-HH) A. Physics Cases 1. Nuclear fusion reactions from laser-accelerated fissile ion beams P. Thirolf (LMU) Goal: Production of nuclei around rich N~126 waiting point et al. 2. Nuclear (de-)excitations induced by lasers F. Hannachi (CENBG/IN 2 P 3) et al. Goal: Observation of NEET/NEEC/BIC processes in plasma. Changes in nuclear T 1/2 3. Nuclear reactions in laser plasma S. Tudisco (LNS/INFN) et al. Goal: Understanding screening effect in plasma conditions 4. Neutron production and other applications 4. 1 Hot plasma confinement for high flux neutron generation S. Moustaizis (TU. Crete) et al. 4. 2 Neutron production in light ion reactions S. Kar (QUB), J. Fuchs (LULI) et al. 4. 3 Muon-source and muon catalysed fusion S. R. Mirfayzi, S. Kar (QUB) Topic 1) Stellar photoreaction GBS Me. V g e + g + A in E 7 Production and photoexcitaion of isomers LPA ~Me. V e-

TDR 4 Materials in Extreme Environments for Energy-E 4 -E 5 Accelerators and Space Applications Convener: Marilena Tomut (GSI) Physics cases * ELI-NP Liaison T. Azavei Testing of new materials for accelerator components - materials at fast energy deposition & mixed radiation fields - laser induced shock waves - laser modification of materials *Evaluation of high energy ionizing radiation effects in materials Irradiation of components for space radiation studies *Biological science research - radiation effects on bio-molecules & cells *Testing and developments of detectors Irradiated optical components testing, Materials for fusion energy systems

Gamma Beam System – Basic Concepts Gamma–rays from Inverse Compton Scattering photon scattering on ultra relativistic electrons (g ≫ 1) the most efficient frequency amplifier ‘Photon accelerator’ d. N/d. E Strong forward focusing … but low cross section ~ 10– 25 cm 2 g = 103 → Dq ~ 1 mrad Angular dependence of the photon energy Compton edge 12

The Gamma Beam System at ELI–NP Provider – Euro. Gamma. S Association Academic Institutions INFN (Italy), Sapienza University (Italy), CNRS (France) Industrial Partners ACP Systems (France), ALSYOM(France), COMEB (Italy), Scandi. Nova Systems (Sweden) 19/03/2014 … and sub – contractors Academic Institutions March 19, 2014 STFC (UK), ALBA Cell (Spain) Industrial Partners Amplitude Systems (France), Amplitude Technologies (France), Cosylab (Slovenia), Danfysik (Denmark), Instrumentation Technologies (Slovenia), M&W Group (Italy), Research Instruments (Germany), Toshiba (Japan) 1) Warm electron RF Linac with two acceleration stages (300 Me. V and 720 Me. V) 2) High average power, high quality J–class 100 Hz psec Collision Laser • two lasers (one for low–Eg and both for high–Eg) 3) Laser recirculation with mm and mrad and sub–psec alignment/synchronization two interaction points – low–Eg < 3. 5 Me. V and high–Eg < 19. 5 Me. V 4) Gamma beam collimation system to obtain bandwidths < 5 x 10– 3 13

Gamma Beam System – Layout e– beam dump Interaction Point High Energy e– beam dump g beam coll&diag Control Room Racks Room Interaction Laser High Energy e– RF LINAC High Energy 720 Me. V Interaction Laser Low Energy Interaction Point Low Energy Photogun multibunch e– beam dump Racks Room e– RF LINAC Low Energy 300 Me. V Photo–drive Laser e– source Master clock synchronization @ < 0. 5 ps 14

Nuclear Resonance Fluorescence (NRF) Convener: A. Zilges (Köln) -Liaison C. A. Ur Special properties of ELI-NP photon beam for NRF: Separation threshold p EX g • very high intensity (104 photons/(s e. V)) • narrow bandwidth (down to 0. 5%) • high degree of polarization (> 99%) • small beam diameter (mm range) • low duty factor (100 Hz) Electromagnetic Dipole Response in Nuclei

Discovery frontiers for NRF at ELI-NP Availability frontier (access to rare isotopes) Sensitivity frontier (weak channels) Precision frontier (high statistics)

NRF Technical proposal � The gamma–ray detector array ELIADE = ELI–NP Array of DEtectors use of composite Ge detectors HPGe : 8 segmented Clover detectors : 4 x crystals 60 x 90 cm every crystal segmented in 8 ➞ higher granularity – lower probability for multiple hits ➞ add–back – higher photopeak efficiency (important for high–energy gamma rays) GEANT 4

Working Group ELI-GANT (Gamma Above Neutron Threshold) Franco Camera, Hiroaki Utsunomiya, Dan Filipescu Four Physics Cases P-process Nucleosynthesis New Compilation of (g, xn) CS Nuclear Structure of GDR of PDR and MDR

The Charged Particles Working Group Convener: Moshe Gai, Univ. of Connecticut & Yale Univ. ELI-NP Liaison: Ovidiu Tesileanu • Scope: TDR for charged particles detection @ ELI-NP • Physics case: • Nuclear structure – clustering in light nuclei: 12 C, 16 O; • Nanodosimetry with γ beams using the e. TPC • Nuclear astrophysics: 16 O(γ, α)12 C, 22 Ne(γ, α)18 O, 19 F(γ, p)18 O, 24 Mg(γ, α)20 Ne, the p-process (with the high energy γ beam in E 8 experimental hall); • International collaboration: Italy (INFN-LNS), Poland (Univ. Warsaw), USA (U. Chicago, U. Yale), Romania; 19

TDR on Photofission: Neutron-rich isotopes production Convener A. Krasznahorkay , F. Ibrahim - ELI-NP D. Balabanski International Collaboration ALTO(IPNO) , GSI, JYVL, KVI, …. IGISOL at ELI-NP Fast , refractory Production of fission fragments at ELI-NP An unique niche! Refractory elements Short lifetime (<100 ns)

Gamma Beam Industrial Applications Convener: Prof. Dr. Hideaki Ohgaki The Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Japan Contributors: C. A. Ur, G. Suliman, V. Iancu, M. Iovea, I. Daito A. Industrial Applications based on NRF Transmission and scattering NRF measurements with applications in: • Nuclear waste management, material inspection, food contamination (Cd, Hg, As), medical applications (cancer screening and Fe level count) Goals: enough statistics in decent time • the perfect challenge for ELI-NP unprecedented gamma beam intensity and low bandwidth (at least two orders of magnitude higher than anything tried before) performance of ELIADE (one order of magnitude higher than the detector systems used in the past) ELI-NP γ beam Object Witness foil (sample) 21

TDR on Production of radioisotopes for medical applications Optimization of the beam and target parameters for achieving high specific activity after irradiation Specific activities of 0. 45 m. Ci/g can be obtained for 99 m. Tc and 1. 2 m. Ci/g for test case: 100 Mo(γ, n) 187 Re considering a beam of 5· 1010 γ/s

Outlook: Towards day one experiments • • ELI-NP new research facility, open to the European and International community is in full implementation phase including building , utilities, HPLS, GBS and LBTS , Laboratories, and workshops. Science program through TDR’s is near to enter in construction phase for main instruments The total requested budget for expts TDR’s is estimated to be of about: Laser Expts 18 M€ Gamma Beam expts 12, 5 M€ Combined Gamma +Laser Expts 5, 1 M€ Too much for us in the period 2015 -2018!!! We need international collaboration contributions To build equipment's for day one expts • young researchers are invited to join the fun! After this Int WS Feb 18 -20 th (150 participants) Next steps are individual review of each expts TDR’s by outside experts (March –May 2015) And final evaluation and priority list for DAY ONE EXPTS implementation for the period 2015 -2020 by ELI-NP ISAB (16 -20 June 2015 Meeting ) 23

High Field Physics and QED Experiments. Laser–TDR 2 –E 6 Conveners: Dino Jaroszynski and Paul Mc. Kenna (U Strathclyde) Liaisons: Edmond Turcu and Florin Negoita (ELI-NP) A. Physics Cases Six proposals and 8 draft proposals submitted. Two proposals as examples: 1. “First investigations of the QED-plasma regime” P Mc. Kenna (U Strathclyde) et al. Goal: For the first time: (1) test for the onset of the radiation reaction force, Requires: 2 x 10 PW laser pump-probe. Electrons accelerated in Solid Targets and probed by High Field of second 10 PW beam. (Fig. 1 b) Fig. 1. Interaction configurations 2. “Exploring Strong-Field QED with Ultra-Intense Lasers” C Murphy (U York) et al. Goal: For the first time: 1. Observe transition to very nonlinear Compton scattering regime and measure cross-section for strongly nonlinear Breit-Wheeler pair production. Requires: 2 x 10 PW laser pump-probe. Electrons accelerated at multi-Ge. V energy in Gas Target and probed by High Field of second 10 PW beam. (Fig. 1 a)

“Combined Laser Gamma Experiments” at ELI-NP-E 7 Edited by K. Homma (Japan, chair), O. Tesileanu (ELI-NP, liaison), K. Seto (ELI-NP). Two independent physics cases; Topic 1 & 2 Topic 1) Stellar photoreaction Topic 2) probing quantum vacuum Stage 1 g from LPA (0. 18 Ge. V e-) GBS Me. V g e + g + A in E 7 Production and photoexcitaion of isomers Stage 3 Stage 2 LINAC 0. 6 Ge. V e- e + L in E 7 10 PW Laser Radiation reaction Tunneling e+e- creation LPA 2. 5 Ge. V e. Polarized 0. 6 Ge. V g generated g in E 7 Polarization LPA ~Me. V e- g + g in E 4 Perturbative QED and beyond via g-g collisions g from LPA (0. 18 Ge. V e-) Laser (0. 1~10 PW) L + L in Bay Search for DM via L+L f L+L Laser (0. 1~10 PW) 10 PW Laser g + L in E 7 non-perturbative QED via vacuum birefringence