DISSECTIONS PERIODS 1 3 4 FROG PERIODS 2

DISSECTIONS -PERIODS 1, 3, 4: FROG -PERIODS 2, 5: PIG

FROG DISSECTION: STEP 1 - HEAD/MOUTH 1. EXAMINE THE HEAD OF THE FROG 2. CUT THE SIDES OF THE MOUTH, EXAMINE THE FOLLOWINGV : OLMERINE TEETH, MAXILLARY TEETH, INTERNAL NARES, GLOTTIS, ESOPHAGUS, TONGUE 3. COMPLETE FIGURE 1 ON YOUR DATA.

FROG DISSECTION: STEP 2 - MUSCULATORY SYSTEM 1. EXAMINE THE LEG OF THE FROG 2. USE YOUR SCISSORS TO CUT THESKIN OF ONE OF THE LEGS OF THE FROG GENTLY. PEEL THE SKIN BACK TO REVEAL THE MUSCLES. LOOK AT THE FIGURE BELOW AND IDENTIFY THE MUSCLES. 3. GENTLY CUT THROUGH THE LEG MUSCLES TO REVEAL THE BONEI. DENTIFY THE BONES.

FROG DISSECTION: STEP 3 - DIGESTIVE SYSTEM 1. PLACE THE FROG ON ITS BACK. 2. CUT THE ABDOMEN OF THE FROG AS SHOWN ON THE FIGURE BELOW. MAKE SURE YOU CUT THE SKIN FIRST THEN THE MUSCULAR ABDOMEN. THE ORGANS ARE RIGHT BELOW THE THIN WALL OF THE ABDOMEN - BE CAREFUL NOT TO DAMAGE THE ORGANS BELOW. 3. IDENTIFY THE ORGANS OF THE FROG AND COMPLETE THE DATA ON YOUR LAB. cloaca

FROG DISSECTION: STEP 4 - REPRODUCTIVE & EXCRETORY SYSTEM 1. TRY TO IDENTIFY THE SEX OF YOUR FROG. 2. IF IT HAS OVIDUCTS/EGGS- CONGRATULATIONS YOU HAVE A FEMALE! 3. IF IT DOESN’T HAVE OVIDUCTS OR EGGS- IT’S PROBABLY A MALE…LOOKS FOR TESTES! 4. IDENTIFY THE ORGANS OF THE FROG AND COMPLETE THE DATA ON YOUR LAB. Eggs Kidney Oviducts Testes

FROG DISSECTION: STEP 5 - CLEAN UP 1. TAKE ALL THE FROG PARTS AND THROW THEM AWAY IN THE DESIGNATED AREA. 2. THOROUGHLY CLEAN ALL LAB UTENSILS WITH SOAP AND WATERY. OU DO NOT HAVE TO DRY THEM. 3. RETURN TO DESIGNATED AREA. 4. IF YOU HAVE TIME…COMPLETE THE LAB WORKSHEET.

FROG DISSECTION: FUNCTIONS OF THE DIGESTIVE/ CIRCULATORY SYSTEM Organ Structure Function Esophagus Transfers food from mouth to stomach Stomach Breaks down food Small Intestine Absorbs nutrients Pancreas Produces digestive enzymes Liver Detox blood/ break down fats Gall Bladder Stores bile Large Intestine Absorb water/transport wastes Cloaca Urinary/genital and intestinal area leading out the frogs body Right Atrium Collects oxygen poor blood Left Atrium Collects oxygen rich blood Ventricle Pumps blood Lungs Gas exchange

FROG DISSECTION: FUNCTIONS OF THE UROGENITAL SYSTEM Organ Structure Functions Kidneys Filter blood Bladder Water storage Cloaca Urinary/genital and intestinal area leading out the frogs body Fat Bodies Fat storage Testes Produce sperm Eggs Female sex cell Oviduct/Ovaries Produce female eggs

FROG DISSECTION: ANALYSIS AND CONCLUSIONS 1. THE FUNCTION OF A FROG’S CLOACA IS –AN ORGAN THAT COLLECTS FROM URINARY, INTESTINAL AND DIGESTIVE AREAS TO EXIT OUT THE FROGS BODY. 2. THE LENGTH OF THE SMALL INTESTINE RELATES TO THE ABSORPTION OF NUTRIENTST. HE LONGER THE INTESTINE, THE MORE NUTRIENTS FROM FOOD THAT CAN BE ABSORBED. 3. LAND- STRONG LEGS/BONES AND MUSCLES WATER- WEBBED FEET 4. ANSWER THIS ON YOUR OWN… TURN IN FOR A GRADE!!!!!

PIG DISSECTION: STEP 1 - HEAD/MOUTH 1. MEASURE YOUR PIG 2. EXAMINE THE HEAD OF THEPIG 3. CUT THE SIDES OF THE MOUTH, EXAMINE THE PARTS IN THE FIGURE BELOW 4. COMPLETE FIGURE 1 ON YOUR DATA.

PIG DISSECTION: STEP 2 - DIGESTIVE SYSTEM 1. PLACE THE PIG ON ITS BACK. 2. CUT THE ABDOMEN AREA AS IS DIRECTED BY THE DIAGRAM BELOW. (CAREFUL NOT TO DAMAGE INTERNAL ORGANS) 3. IDENTIFY THE ORGANS BELOW AND COMPLETE DIAGRAM.

PIG DISSECTION 1. PLACE THE PIG ON ITS BACK. Larynx 2. CUT THE ABDOMEN AREA AS IS DIRECTED BY THE DIAGRAM BELOW. (CAREFUL NOT TO DAMAGE INTERNAL ORGANS) Esophagus Trachea 3. IDENTIFY THE ORGANS BELOW AND COMPLETE DIAGRAM. Lungs Heart Pericardium Diaphragm Liver Spleen Stomach Pancreas Small Intest. Large Intest. Rectum Anus

PIG DISSECTION: STEP 3 - RESPIRATORY SYSTEM 1. IDENTIFY THE ORGANS OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM ON YOUR PIG AND THEN ON FIGURE Larynx Trachea Thymus Thyroid Bronchus Bronchioles Lungs Diaphragm

PIG DISSECTION: STEP 5 - HEART 1. IDENTIFY THE HEART AND ITS PARTS.

PIG DISSECTION: STEP 6 - UROGENITAL 1. IDENTIFY IF YOUR SPECIMEN IS AMISS PIGGY OR PORKY PIG, EXAMINE ITS REPRODUCTIVE/URINARY ORGANS

PIG DISSECTION: STEP 6 - UROGENITAL 1. IDENTIFY ON YOUR LAB Kidney Ureter Ovaries Testis Penis

PIG DISSECTION: STEP 7 - CLEAN UP 1. TAKE ALL THE PIG PARTS AND THROW THEM AWAY IN THE DESIGNATED AREA. 2. THOROUGHLY CLEAN ALL LAB UTENSILS WITH SOAP AND WATERY. OU DO NOT HAVE TO DRY THEM. 3. RETURN TO DESIGNATED AREA. 4. IF YOU HAVE TIME…COMPLETE THE LAB WORKSHEET.

PIG DISSECTION: ANALYSIS QUESTIONS • EXTERNAL ANATOMY &ORAL CAVITY • HOW LONG (METRIC) IS YOUR FETAL PIG? ____ • WHAT SENSE ORGANS ARE LOCATED ON THE HEAD & IN THE MOUTH? EYES, NOSE, EARS, TASTE BUDS • HOW MANY TOES ARE PRESENT ON EACH FOOT? FOUR TOES • WHAT IS THE SEX OF YOUR FETAL PIG? ______ • DIGESTIVE SYSTEM • WHERE DOES THE DIGESTIVE TRACT START &END? STARTS AT THE MOUTH ENDS AT THE ANUS • WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF SALIVA? STARTS TO BREAK DOWN FOOD • FETAL PIGS RECEIVE NOURISHMENT FROM THEIR MOTHER THROUGHTHE UMBILICAL CORD • THE STOMACH OF A FETAL PIG WILL NOT BE EMPTY BECAUSE THEY ALSODRINK AMNIOTIC FLUID • GIVE THE FUNCTION OF THE PIG’SLIVER DETOX BLOOD, BREAK DOWN LIPIDS • GIVE THE FUNCTION OF THEPANCREAS MAKE INSULIN • WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE INTESTINES? ABSORB NUTRIENTS • WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE LARGE INTESTINE? ABSORB WATER/NUTRIENTS • WHAT PART OF THE INTESTINE STORES SOLID WASTES AND WHERE IS IT LOCATED ? RECTUM, BEFORE THE ANUS • WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE UMBILICAL ARTERIES? SUPPLY OXYGENATED BLOOD TO FETUS • WHICH ORGAN FILTERS OUT AND DESTROYS DEAD BLOODCELLS? SPLEEN

PIG DISSECTION: ANALYSIS QUESTIONS • RESPIRATORY SYSTEM • WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE LUNGS? GAS EXCHANGE • GIVE THE FUNCTION OF THE LARYNX. VOICE BOX • WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF A DIAPHRAGM? EXPAND LUNGS • NAME THE LARGE TUBES THAT ENTER THE LUNGS. BRONCHUS • SMALLER TUBES THAT BRANCH FROM THESE? BRONCHIOLES • NAME THE AIR SACS FOR GAS EXCHANGE? AVEOLI • CIRCULATORY SYSTEM • WHAT FUNCTIONS ARE PERFORMED BY THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM? TRANSPORTS OXYGEN/CO 2 THROUGH THE BODY • WHAT CAUSES HEART ATTACKS? LACK OF OXYGEN TO THE HEART

PIG DISSECTION: ANALYSIS QUESTIONS • UROGENITAL SYSTEM • WHAT ARE THE KIDNEYS RESPONSIBLE FOR? FILTERING BLOOD • WHERE IS THE URINE STORED? BLADDER • WHAT ARE THE FUNCTIONS OF THE OVARIES? MAKES FEMALE SEX CELLS (EGG) • WHAT HAPPENS TO FERTILIZED EGGS INSIDE OF THE UTERUS? ATTACHES TO UTERINE WALL • WHAT ARE THE FUNCTIONS OF THE TESTICLES? MAKES MALE SEX CELLS (SPERM)