PERIODS GROUPS 1 23 periods 18 NAME THAT
- Slides: 18
PERIODS GROUPS
1 23 periods . . 18
NAME THAT ELEMENT… What is the second element in period 6? What is the second element in group 7 A? What element is in period 4, group 5 A? What element is in period 2, group 8 A?
METALS vs NONMETALS vs METALLOIDS
Metals All metals are to the left of the bold staircase PROPERTIES OF METALS: All metals are solids at room temperature They are lustrous (shiny) They are malleable and ductile They are good conductors of heat and electricity Hg (mercury)
Sulfur Nonmetals Chlorine gas Non-metals are to the right of the staircase. Nonmetals: generally nonlustrous, poor conductors of electricity Some gases (O, N, Cl); some are brittle solids (S); one is a fuming dark red liquid (Br)
Metalloids Found right along the staircase (except for Aluminum…it’s a metal) Have properties in-between metals and nonmetals Are “semi-conductors” (conduct a little bit) silicon
GROUP 1: ALKALI METALS All are reactive metals why "alkali"? **Hydrogen is NOT a metal, but is put in this group because it has only 1 electron
GROUP 2: ALKALINE EARTH METALS Are all reactive metals, mainly found in the earth’s crust
GROUP 17 (7 A): HALOGENS Nonmetals next to noble gases why "halogen"? ? Fluorine and chlorine are gases, bromine is a liquid and iodine is a brittle solid
GROUP 18 (8 A): NOBLE GASES!! Right side of the periodic table (on the end) All are gases at room temperature CHEMICALLY UNREACTIVE (Yet all other elements strive to be like them. . )
Which element? Period 6 halogen? Period 3 alkaline earth metal? Lightest (first) metal? Third heaviest alkali metal?
VALENCE ELECTRONS: THE ELECTRONS IN THE OUTERMOST RING (SHELL) *DETERMINES WHAT KIND OF ION WILL BE FORMED *THE ELECTRONS INVOLVED IN BONDING
Draw the Bohr Rutherford Diagram for : 40 Ca PREDICTION:
Which element? Fills the 5 th ring? Puts two valence electrons in the 6 th ring? Half-fills the 2 nd ring? Puts 5 valence electrons in the 4 th ring ?
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