DEVIANT BEHAVIOR ANTHROPOLOGY I PROFESSOR MS JONA VICTORIANO

DEVIANT BEHAVIOR ANTHROPOLOGY I PROFESSOR: MS. JONA VICTORIANO, M. A.

WHAT IS DEVIANCE? • It refers to any recognized violations of cultural norms and social rules, and is usually of sufficient severity to warrant disapproval from the majority of the society, including formally-enacted rules (e. g. crime) as well as informal violations of social norms (e. g. rejecting folkways and norms. )

DEFINING NORMAL FROM DEVIANT • “IT IS NOT THE ACT ITSELF, BUT THE REACTIONS TO THE ACT THAT MAKE SOMETHING DEVIANT. “ (BECKER, 1966)

DEVIANCE IS RELATIVE

THEORIES OF DEVIANCE

ANOMIE OR STRUCTURAL STRAIN THEORY • This theory argues that deviance occurs when there is a gap or strain between the cultural goals and the means that a person uses to achieve those goals.

CONTROL THEORY • This theory argues that there are two control systems that work against our motivation to deviate: 1. OUTER STIMULI – FAMILY and FRIENDS II. INNER STIMULI – FEAR OF PUNISHMENT, FEELING OF INTEGRITY, DESIRE TO BE A GOOD PERSON • Deviant behavior occurs when the norms and values that you learn from your outer stimuli weakens and results to the convergence of the two systems.

DIFFERENTIAL ASSOCIATION THEORY • This theory argues that our social environment plays a major role in deciding whether we would deviate or not. • The stronger the bonds that we have in our society, the more effective our inner controls are. The lesser our motivation to deviate.

LABELING THEORY • This theory argues that no act is intrinsically criminal or deviant. Definitions of deviance are established by those in power through the formulation of laws.

SPECIAL TECHNIQUES OF NEUTRALIZATION TO DEFLECT SOCIETAL NORMS

GRESHAM SYKES & DAVID MATZA

1. DENIAL OF RESPONSIBILITY – “It wasn’t my fault. It was an accident. ” 2. DENIAL OF INJURY – “It wasn’t a big deal. They could afford the loss. “ 3. DENIAL OF A VICTIM – “They had it coming. ” 4. CONDEMNATION OF THE CONDEMNERS – “You were just a s bad in your day. ” 5. APPEALS TO HIGHER LOYALTIES – “My friends needed me. What was I going to do? ”

TYPES OF DEVIANCE 1. INNOVATION- Innovators accept society’s goals but reject socially acceptable means in achieving them. 2. CONFORMIST- Conformists accept society’s goals and the socially acceptable means in achieving them. 3. RITUALIST – Ritualists reject society’s goals but accept the socially acceptable means in achieving them.

4. RETREATISM – Retreatists reject society’s goals and the socially acceptable means in achieving them. 5. REBELLION – It is similar to retreatism in a way because they reject society’s goals but they go on step higher by creating new means of achieving those goals.

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