DEVIANT BEHAVIOR Deviance Normative Deviant NORMATIVE BEHAVIOR DEVIANT

DEVIANT BEHAVIOR Deviance

Normative & Deviant NORMATIVE BEHAVIOR DEVIANT CRIMINAL

Is one less deviant than the other? Context

Is one less deviant than the other? Expectations

Is one less deviant than the other? Degree

Some Key Sociological Views of Deviance • Control theory • Differential-association theory/ cultural transmission • Structured Strain/ Anomie theory • Labeling theory • Sub-cultural Deviant Culture Theories

Control theory Reckless/ Hirschi Conformity occurs because of. . . Attachment/commitment/involvement/belief Inner controls: conscience, values, integrity, morality, etc. Outer controls: police, family, friends, and religious authorities. Thus, deviance occurs from lack of ….

Differential-association theory / cultural transmission Differential-association theory ( Sutherland) / cultural transmission (Shaw & Kay) • Deviance is learned through references groups much as normative behavior is learned • Individuals learn how to deviate • Individuals learn how to rationalize it

Structured Strain/ Anomie theory Robert Merton

Labeling theory William Chambliss • Who has the power to label? • Behaviors are deviant only when society labels them as deviant • negative labels--lower self image • different response from society--more likely to be deviant or be labeled deviant • primary deviance, secondary deviance, deviant career

Sub-cultural Theories and Deviant Culture Theories People adopt or hold the values and concerns of the groups in which they are embedded. • Southern Subculture of Violence (Marvin Wolfgang) • Lower Class Culture as a Generating Milieu of Gang Delinquency (Walter Miller) • Theory of Delinquent Subcultures (Albert Cohen, Cloward & Ohlin) • Urban Code of the Streets (Elijah Anderson) • Culture Conflict Theory (Thorsten Sellin)

How do new technologies affect deviance? In Small Towns, Gossip Moves to the Web, and Turns Vicious http: //www. nytimes. com/2011/09/20/us/small-town-gossip-moves-to-the-webanonymous-and-vicious. html? _r=1&hp=&pagewanted=all