SCULPTURE INSTRUCTOR JONA VICTORIANO M A LEARNING OBJECTIVES

SCULPTURE INSTRUCTOR: JONA VICTORIANO, M. A.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES • BY THE END OF THIS DISCUSSION, THE STUDENT SHOULD BE ABLE TO: 1. Define the art of Sculpture 2. Define and understand the different types of sculpture. 3. Discuss the two basic processes of sculpture; 4. And display an ability to make a sculpture as a culminating activity for this chapter.

WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PAINTING AND SCULPTURE?

“Sculpture is the best comment that a painter can make on painting” -Pablo Picasso

WHAT IS SCULPTURE? • The word Sculpture comes from the Latin word sculpere which means “to carve. ” • It is a branch of visual art which employs the making of twoor three-dimensional representative of abstract forms, especially by carving stone or wood or by casting metal or plaster. (Merriam-Webster)

THREE TYPES OF SCULPTURE:

1. BUST It is a sculpted and painted representation of the upper part of the human body.

2. STATUE It is a life-size or a larger size representation of a person, animal, or scenario.

3. ARCHITECTURAL It is a universal classification used to describe a structural design such as buildings, bridges, burial chambers, and other big projects.

TWO SCULPTURAL PROCESSES:

I. SUBTRACTIVE PROCESShappens when the material is removed or carved out.

1. CARVING • Is a subtractive process where the material is subtracted from the outside in. • It involves the cutting or chipping away a shape from a mass of stone, wood, or other hard materials until the desired form is reached.

TWO TYPES OF CARVING:

A. STONE CARVING An ancient activity where pieces of rough natural stone are shaped by the removal of stone.

Sculpture has been utilized by our ancestors for the following reasons:

1. EASIER TO FIND

2. COMES IN VARIETIES

3. MORE DURABLE

B. WOOD CARVING An activity where pieces of rough natural wood are shaped to achieve its desired form.

WOOD CARVING UTILIZES THE FOLLOWING CUTTING TOOLS:

CARVING KNIFE A specialized knife used to cut and smoothen the wood.

GOUGE A tool with a cutting edge used in a variety of forms and sizes for carving hollows, rounds, and sweeping curves.

COPING SAW A small saw that is used to cut off chunks of wood at once.

CHISEL A tool whose straight cutting edge is used for lines and cleaning up flat surfaces.

II. ADDITIVE PROCESShappens when the material is added to a base.

2. CASTING • Casts are made from a material that is melted down - usually a metal - that is then poured into a mold with a hollow cavity of the desired shape. The mold is allowed to cool, thereby hardening the metal.

TWO TYPES OF CASTING:

A. GLASS CASTING Where the molten glass is put into a mold where it solidifies. You put chips of glass (FRIT) into the mold, let it melt, and take its shape.

B. SLIP CASTING A technique for the mass production of pottery especially if the design cannot be easily made by using the wheel.

3. MODELING Is both an additive and a subtractive process. In this technique, sculptures are created where a soft or malleable material is put on an armature (which serves as the support) and built up from there.

4. ASSEMBLING AND CONSTRUCTING A technique where the artist join different materials to create an assembled sculpture. It originated from the painting technique of COLLAGE – which was devised by Pablo Picasso.