Contemporary Psychological Perspectives Perspectives Perspective is a way
- Slides: 12
Contemporary Psychological Perspectives
Perspectives • Perspective is a way of viewing phenomena • Psychology has multiple perspectives – – – Biological Psychodynamic Behavioral Humanistic Cognitive Cross Cultural
Perspectives Timeline
Biological • Focuses on how genes, hormones, and nervous system affect personality and behavior – 1. Psychobiologists are interested in studying images of the brain – 2. Genetics influence a wide range of human behavior
Cognitive • Focuses on how we process information and how this information influences our learning and feelings 1. Study social interactions 2. Development of stereotypes and forming attitudes
Behavioral • Focuses on how rewards and punishments influence behavior – 1. BF Skinner is considered founder of modern behaviorism – 2. Stresses the importance of observable behaviors
Humanism • Focuses on human free will and potential and freedom in directing his/her future – 1. Abraham Maslow considered the founder of this school of thought – 2. Many feel that this approach is more of a philosophy of life
Cross-Cultural • Focuses on culture as it relates to human behavior and social interactions – 1. These types of psychologists study cultural norms as a way to reduce discrimination – 2. Studying the effect of environment or setting as it relates to behavior
Pica • Definition: The uncontrollable desire to eat non-food items that is usually a part of other psychological illness • Typical items eaten: Ø Chalk Ø Hair Ø Cigarette Butts Ø Paint Chips Ø Cleaning Products Ø Dirt Ø Baking Soda
What Causes Pica? • Other Psychological Illness like Schizophrenia, OCD, and autism • Malnutrition • Nutritional Deficiencies • Parental Neglect • Cultural Traditions • Developmental Problems • Pregnancy
Applying a Contemporary Perspective to Pica • Biological: Is Pica caused potentially by a genetic or nutrient deficiency • Cognitive: Is there an impairment/problem with the thought process regarding non-food items • Let’s watch a clip about a three year old who eats everything including glass!
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