Communications Overview Communications The National Democratic Institute INTRODUCTIONS
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Communications Overview Communications The National Democratic Institute
INTRODUCTIONS/ GROUND RULES • Introductions • Ground Rules • Ice Breaker Exercise Photo: Amy Hamelin , NDI
COMMUNICATIONS OVERVIEW OBJECTIVES • To develop a basic understanding of key concepts related to communications • To learn the importance of an effective communications strategy and its main components
COMMUNICATIONS OVERVIEW TOPICS • Understanding effective communication and related challenges • Communications strategy • • Set a goal Identify and analyze target audience Develop and convey a message Identify messengers and delivery tools
KEY TERMS • Communication • Message • Other terms? Photo: Shiho Fukada for the New York Times
EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION Communication is two-way: • Talking • Listening Message Sender Receiver Feedback
REAL LIFE COMMUNICATIONS Message Sender Noise Feedback Receiver
POLITICAL COMMUNICATIONS Message Sender Volunteers Noise Media Feedback Noise Receiver
EXERCISE: Telephone • • Stand up and form a circle One person originates a message Whisper message to person on your right Last person in circle repeats it out loud
COMMUNICATIONS STRATEGY • • • What is your main message? Why should people listen? Whose support do you need? What messages will persuade them? How and when will you reach them? Who are your best messengers?
COMMUNICATIONS STRATEGY Photo: Amy Hamelin, NDI • Define goals • Identify and analyze target audience • Develop message • Identify messengers • Choose delivery tools
What Is Your Goal? • What are you trying to achieve? • How will you know if you’ve reached your goal?
Who is Your Target Audience? • Whose support do you need to achieve your goal?
THE MESSAGE PYRAMID 1% Directly involved 11% Engaged generally in Politics 15% Informed Public 73% Mass Audience
THE MESSAGE PYRAMID Corrected 73% Mass Audience 15% Informed Public 11% Engaged generally in Politics 1% Directly involved
TARGET AUDIENCE Choosing the right target audience means aiming for the middle Target Audience Spectrum 1 2 3 “persuadables” Firmly Opposed Disinterested or Neutral/mildly supportive Mildly interested 4 5 Supporter True Believer Preaching to the choir or engaging your enemies is often unproductive.
AUDIENCE ANALYSIS • Know what they like, dislike, and think is important • Identify language relevant to your audience
EXAMPLE Bill on study of civics or religion in public schools Ineffective communication: • Specifics of the courses • How parliament would decide Successful communication: • Why does it matter for parents and kids?
MESSAGE • • • Single idea/theme Your values What you repeat over and over What you want people to remember How you connect with and persuade people Why am I asking for your support?
CHARACTERISTICS OF AN EFFECTIVE MESSAGE • Clear and concise • Compelling • Contrasting • Connected • Consistently delivered
YOUR MESSAGE • Remember the 27 -9 -3 Rule: Ø 27 words Ø 9 seconds Ø 3 points “I think it’s time for a change: time to support our schools, time to address government corruption, time to bring jobs back to our town. ”
MESSAGE CONTENT • Choose words that mean something • Message must have emotional appeal Photo: www. wallpaperswide. com
MESSAGE CONTENT • Don’t teach/lecture • Convey confidence • Tell a story
STAYING ON MESSAGE • Repeat, repeat • Think before you speak • Reject attacks and loaded questions It’s okay to: ü Pause and collect your thoughts ü Say “I don’t know, but…” ü Check your notes ü Not answer the question
WORDS, VOICE, BODY LANGUAGE
BODY LANGUAGE • • Eye contact Posture/stance Hand gestures Smile! Photo: NDI
EXERCISE Create a message that is: • Clear and concise • Compelling • Contrasting • Connected Photo: Amy Hamelin for NDI
WRITING A SPEECH • • Write like you speak Outline form Avoid technical terms Structure: Tell them what you will tell them Then, tell them Summarize what you told them
MESSENGERS The right person to deliver the message is as important as the right words.
MESSENGERS • Use real, relatable people • Use credible people • Trustworthiness and sincerity are key
DELIVERY TOOLS • Door-to-door canvassing • Newsletter or other mailings • Campaign posters • Public forums • Emails • Newspaper columns • Weekly radio programs • Person to person events • Television ad • Press release
DELIVERY TOOLS • Which delivery tool? • “Medium is the message” • Find your audience where they already ‘live’ ØWorkplaces ØCommunities ØOnline
PRINT AND ELECTRONIC MEDIA • Newspapers • Magazines Photo: Sanja Gjenero for rgbstock. com • Television • Radio Photo: A. Elwallani for NDI
BENEFITS OF SOCIAL MEDIA • Increase visibility • Promote accountability • Mobilize/engage citizens • Foster policy debate • Network • Increase awareness • Conduct advocacy
COMMON SOCIAL MEDIA SITES • • Facebook Twitter You. Tube Personal/organization website
GAINING MEDIA ATTENTION • • Supply photos, sound clips, video Appeal to their audiences Tell a “newsworthy” story Link to current news
MEDIA BIAS • Gender discrimination and sexism in coverage • Unequal air time
CONCLUSION • • • Goal setting Audience identification and analysis Message content Public speaking tips Messengers Delivery tools • Print and electronic media • Social media • Media bias
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