Chapter 9 Information Decision Support n n n

Chapter 9 Information, Decision Support… n n n Please discontinue use of cell phone and turn off ringer Succeeding with Technology Decision Making and Problem Solving Management Information Systems Decision Support Systems Group Decision Support Systems Hybrid and Special-Purpose Systems

9. 1 Decision Making and Problem Solving Key Terms • Decision making • Problem solving • Programmed decisions • Nonprogrammed decisions • Optimization model • Heuristics Succeeding with Technology

Decision Making & Problem Solving Process Intelligence Stage Potential Problems and opportunities are identified and defined Design Stage Alternative solutions to the problem are developed Choice Stage Select a course of action Decision Making Problem Solving Implementation Solution put into effect Monitoring Evaluate the implementation Succeeding with Technology

Decision Types n Programmed decisions MIS ¡Structured situations with well defined relationships ¡Quantifiable n Non-programmed decisions DSS ¡Ill-structured situations with vague or changing relationships between variables ¡Not easily quantifiable in advance Succeeding with Technology

MIS vs. DSS n A MIS sheds light on a wide-range of common, day-to-day business decisions. Succeeding with Technology n A DSS supports decision making for specific unique and difficult decisions.

Optimization and Heuristic Approaches n An optimization model finds the best solution, usually the one that will best help individuals or organizations meet their goals. n Heuristics, often referred to as “rules of thumb”—commonly accepted guidelines or procedures that usually find a good solution, but not necessarily the optimal solution—are often used in the decision-making process. Succeeding with Technology

9. 2 Management Information Systems Key Terms • Management Information System (MIS) • Business Intelligence • Scheduled report • Demand report • Exception report • Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) System Succeeding with Technology

Management Information Systems (MIS) n MIS: an information system designed to provide routine information to managers and decision makers n Business intelligence (BI): Technologies that are used to gather and report information that supports intelligent business decision making. www. sas. com/technologies/bi Succeeding with Technology

MIS Input and Output Corporate Databases Transactions Database Scheduled reports in External Databases Succeeding with Technology MIS out Demand reports Exception reports

Reports, Reports www. cognos. com/products/business_intelligence/reporting_sapbw/ Succeeding with Technology

Reports n Scheduled Reports are produced periodically on a schedule; daily, weekly, monthly, quarterly, annualy, ect. n Demand Reports are developed to get certain information at a person’s request. n Exception Reports are automatically produced when a situation is unusual or requires action. Succeeding with Technology

Enterprise Resource Planning n ERP: integrates all data processing in an enterprise into one unified systemthat draws from a common database system. ERP Succeeding with Technology

9. 3 Decision Support Systems Key Terms • Decision Support System • What-if analysis • Goal-seeking analysis Succeeding with Technology

Expert System (ES) greater complexity and intelligence, less activity Decision Support System (DSS) Management Information System (MIS) Transaction Processing System (TPS) Succeeding with Technology

Decision Support Systems n A decision support system (DSS) is an information system used to support problem-specific decision making. www. epocrates. com Succeeding with Technology

What-if? n What-if analysis is the process of making hypothetical changes to problem data and observing the impact on the results. Succeeding with Technology What-if is used in projecting paths of hurricanes

Goal-seeking n Goal-seeking analysis is the process of determining what problem data is required for a given result. What must be done in order to safely withdraw troops within a year? Succeeding with Technology

9. 4 Group Decision Support Systems Key Terms • Group decision support system (GDSS) • Groupware Succeeding with Technology

Group Decision Support Systems (GDSS) n A GDSS or computerized collaborative work system is designed to provide effective support in group decision-making settings. A GDSS is flexible, supports anonymous input, and reduces negative group dynamics Succeeding with Technology

Groupware n GDSS software, called groupware, helps with joint work group scheduling, communication, and management. www. lotus. com Succeeding with Technology

9. 5 Hybrid and Special. Purpose Systems Key Terms • Knowledge Management System • Geographic information system (GIS) • Informatics Succeeding with Technology

Knowledge Management System n A knowledge management (KM) system assists an organization in capturing, storing, and distributing knowledge for use and reuse by the organization and sometimes by its partners and customers. Succeeding with Technology

Specialized Systems n A geographic information system (GIS) is capable of storing, manipulating, and displaying geographic or spatial information including maps of locations or regions around the world. Succeeding with Technology

Informatics n Informatics combines traditional disciplines, like science and medicine, with computer systems and technology. Succeeding with Technology

Chapter 9 Questions? Don’t forget to turn your phone on!! Succeeding with Technology