BellRinger What are the major functions required for
Bell-Ringer §What are the major functions required for a cell to survive?
Bell-Ringer §Cell must be able to… § Break down food § Move § Grow § Reproduce
Cell Theory, Homeostasis, and Cell Structure Finding out just what a cell is! Mr. Sanders
Cell Theory § Cells are microscopic. We had to build a microscope to see them for the first time! § Robert Hooke (1665) § Observed “boxlike” objects in a slice of cork under a microscope. § Reminded him of cells that monks slept in. § First described cell theory.
Cell Theory § Cells…. § Make up all living things. § Are the basic unit of life in which the activities of life occur § Come from cells that already exist
Cell Theory §Let’s do a quick reading.
Gotta keep it balanced! § Our bodies have to keep a perfect balance in order to function and survive. We call this balance homeostasis. § What is kept under homeostasis? § § § p. H (acidity) Oxygen Temperature Nutrients And much, MUCH more!
Gotta keep it balanced! § Think of homeostasis as a see-saw § To balance the see-saw, everything must be equal. § Example: Sugar § Insulin lowers sugar levels in the body. § Glucagon raises sugar levels in the body.
What TYPES of cells are there? § There are MANY different kinds of cells. § Break them down to two types. § Prokaryote § “before nucleus” § Bacteria § Eukaryote § “true nucleus” § Everything else (plants, funigi, protists, animals)
What TYPES of cells are there? Prokaryote Eukaryote NO membrane bound organelles YES membrane bound organelles Most are unicellular (one cell) Most are multicellular (more than one cell) DNA floats around in cell DNA is found in nucleus
The cell’s machinery… Organelles § Organelles are structures inside of a eukaryotic cell that perform specific functions so the cell can survive. § The most well known types are PLANTS and ANIMALS. § They share quite a few organelles.
The cell’s machinery… Organelles (SAME) Organelle Structure (what does it look like? ) Function (what does it do? ) Nucleus Nuclear envelope, nucleoplasm, nucleolus and chromosomes Control center of cell; stores DNA and makes ribosomes (protein) Mitochondria Double membrane, bean shaped, a lot of folds Energy production Ribosome Large and small subunits bound together Make proteins Golgi apparatus Stacks of cisternae Modifying, sorting, and packing proteins Rough Endoplasmic reticulum (RER) Complex network of membranes lined with ribosomes Production, processing and transportation of proteins Smooth Endoplasmic reticulum (SER) Complex network of membranes Metabolic system, synthesis of lipids and steroids, and drug detoxification Cytoplasm Jelly-like fluid found in the cell Keeps organelles in place
The cell’s machinery… Organelles (DIFFERENT) § Animals § Plants § Lysosomes § Chloroplast § Garbage disposal § One or more vacuoles § Exocytosis § Endocytosis § Flat discs; photosynthesis § Cell wall § Filters and provides support to cell shape § One large vacuole § Storage § Retain shape of cell
Let’s do an activity!
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