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You use the Perfect Tense to talk about things that happened in the PAST

The Perfect Tense is made up of 2 parts Most verbs take the conjugated form of ‘haben’ (to have) + Past Participle – the bit at the END of the sentence!!!!

How do you form this ‘Past Participle? • Take the infinitive, e. g. putzen • Take away the ‘en’ ending putz • Insert ‘ge’ and ‘t’ geputzt • That’s it for REGULAR VERBS! EASY!!

Regular verbs using ‘haben’ Ich habe den Rasen gemäht Ich habe mit den Kindern gespielt Ich habe die Einkaufswagen geholt Ich habe die Regale aufgefüllt Ich habe die Tische abgeräumt Ich habe das Essen vorbereitet Ich habe die Kunden bedient

Have you noticed…. ? • There were two exceptions to the rule: there are some verbs, e. g. bedienen, vorbereiten etc. that end in ‘t’ but do not have the ‘ge’ at the front. Why? It doesn’t sound right!! • Separable verbs are also slightly different. They have the ‘ge’ bit sandwiched between the prefix, e. g. ‘auf’ and the main part of the verb, e. g. ‘füllt’ ‘aufgefüllt’

Irregular verbs using ‘haben’ Ich habe die Blumen gegossen Ich habe beim Einpacken geholfen Ich habe an der Kasse gesessen Ich habe Bestellungen aufgeschrieben Ich habe Geschichten vorgelesen Ich habe die Kinder ins Bett gebracht

Have you noticed…. ? • Most Participles start with ‘ge’ and end in ‘en’ • This is often the case with IRREGULAR VERBS or STRONG verbs. • Some verbs also have a ‘stem’ change like ‘gegossen’, ‘geholfen’, ‘gesessen’, ‘geschrieben’ or ‘gebracht’. • And of course you have the separable verbs again where the ‘ge’ is sandwiched between the prefix and the main part of the verb, like ‘vorgelesen’ or ‘aufgeschrieben’.

Some verbs like ‘gehen’ totally do their own thing and have the conjugated form of ‘sein’ (to be) + PAST PARTICIPLE

Irregular verbs using ‘sein’ Ich bin einkaufen gegangen

• Verbs that take ‘sein’ instead of ‘haben’ are usually verbs that express movement, e. g. going or travelling somewhere