WIDOWS PEAK THE PRESENCE OF A WIDOWS PEAK

WIDOW’S PEAK THE PRESENCE OF A WIDOW’S PEAK IS A DOMINANT CHARACTERISTIC IN HUMANS. ONCE EVERYONE IS HERE, TAKE A SURVEY OF HOW MANY PEOPLE IN OUR CLASS HAVE A WIDOW’S PEAK AND HOW MANY DO NOT

PKU (PHENYLKETONURIA) • THE ABILITY TO BREAK DOWN AN AMINO ACID CALLED PHENYLALANINE IS DETERMINED BY THE DOMINANT CONDITION. IF AN INDIVIDUAL CAN’T BREAK DOWN THIS AMINO ACID THEY HAVE THE DISORDER PKU. WHAT WOULD THE GENOTYPE OF AN INDIVIDUAL WITH THIS DISORDER BE? • ALL OF YOU WERE TESTED FOR THIS DISORDER WHEN YOU WERE BORN AND PROBABLY NEVER KNEW IT! • JOURNAL: SHOW THE PUNNETT SQUARE OPTIONS THAT WOULD BE THE RESULT OF SOMEONE WHO IS HETEROZYGOUS MATING WITH ANOTHER PERSON WHO IS HETEROZYGOUS FOR THE DISEASE. WHAT ARE THE ODDS THAT THEY WILL HAVE CHILDREN WITH PKU?

PHOTIC SNEEZE REFLEX (PSR) • THIS TRAIT IS THE RESULT OF AN AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT CONDITION (NOT CARRIED ON A SEX CHROMOSOME) • PEOPLE WITH THIS REFLEX WILL SNEEZE (SOMETIMES UNCONTROLLABLY) WHEN THEY MOVE FROM A LIGHT SOURCE TO A BRIGHTER LIGHT (SUCH AS GOING FROM THE LIGHTS IN OUR SCHOOL AND THEN WALKING OUTSIDE ON A SUNNY DAY) • DO A PUNNETT SQUARE TO SHOW A PERSON HETEROZYGOUS FOR THIS CONDITION MATING WITH A PERSON WHO DOES NOT HAVE THE REFLEX. • WHAT IS THE PROBABILITY THAT THEY WILL HAVE CHILDREN WITH THIS REFLEX? Side note: this condition is also called autosomal dominant compelling helio-ophthalmic outburst syndrome (ACHOO)

HEMOPHILIA • THIS DISEASE IS A RECESSIVE SEXLINKED TRAIT CAUSES A PARTICULAR PROTEIN (CLOTTING FACTOR VIII) NOT TO FORM. BECAUSE OF THIS MISSING CLOTTING FACTOR, INDIVIDUALS WITH HEMOPHILIA BLEED LONGER THAN OTHER PEOPLE BECAUSE THEY DON’T HAVE THE PROPER CLOTTING FACTOR. • SOME PEOPLE WILL HAVE MORE SEVERE BLEEDS THAN OTHERS. SCIENTISTS HAVE PRODUCED ENGINEERED CLOTTING FACTORS THAT HEMOPHILIACS CAN TAKE TO HELP THEIR BLOOD CLOT PROPERLY. SOME PEOPLE RECEIVE THE MISSING PROTEIN FROM PLASMA DONORS. • SHOW THE PUNNETT SQUARE OF A FEMALE WHO IS HETEROZYGOUS MATING WITH A MALE WHO HASHEMOPHILIA. WHAT PROPORTION OF THEIR MALE AND FEMALE OFFSPRING WOULD HAVE HEMOPHILIA?

• HEMOPHILIA WAS A COMMON DISEASE PASSED THROUGH THE ROYAL FAMILIES OF BRITAIN IN THE 17 TH AND 18 TH CENTURY. • IT EVEN MADE IT’S WAY TO THECZAR OF RUSSIA HEMOPHILIA: A “ROYAL” DISEASE

HEMOPHILIA AND THE ROMANOV’S

CODOMINANCE: HUMAN BLOOD TYPES • THERE ARE THREE ALLELES THAT CODE FOR BLOOD TYPE (A, B AND O) • A AND B ALLELES ARE CODOMINANT TO EACH OTHER BUT BOTH ARE COMPLETELY DOMINANT OVER TYPE O JOURNAL: 1. WHAT IS/ARE THE POSSIBLE GENOTYPES OF AN INDIVIDUAL THAT IS BLOOD TYPE B? 2. WHAT IS/ARE THE POSSIBLE GENOTYPES OF AN INDIVIDUAL THAT IS BLOOD TYPE O? 3. DO A PUNNETT SQUARE TO SHOW THE POSSIBLE BLOOD TYPES OF OFFSPRING THAT COME FROM AN INDIVIDUAL THAT IS HETEROZYGOUS FOR BLOOD TYPE A CROSSED WITH AN INDIVIDUAL WHO IS HETEROZYGOUS FOR BLOOD TYPE B

BASIC PEDIGREE ANALYSIS: • FOR THE PEDIGREE BELOW, ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS 1. HOW MANY GENERATIONS ARE SHOWN? 2. HOW MANY GRANDCHILDREN DOES #1 HAVE? 3. HOW IS #7 RELATED TO #11?