What are igneous rocks All rocks on Earth

What are igneous rocks? All rocks on Earth were initially igneous. Igneous rocks form as liquid magma cools, forming crystal structured rocks. There are many different types of igneous rocks. Ignis means fire

Where do they form? Either deep within Earth or on Earth’s surface.

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Two Types of Igneous Rocks • Scientists divide igneous rocks into two different categories. • Those which were cooled below the surface are called intrusive rocks • Those which cooled on the surface are referred to as extrusive rocks.

Igneous Rocks- Word Connections Extrusive- Exit, Exoskeleton, exterior Intrusive-inside, intrude, interior

Granite(Intrusive) Intrusive/Inside • • • most common -intrusive igneous rocks. forms when a pocket of magma slowly cools down Turns into solid rock beneath earth’s surface Coarse/large grain crystals You can see the crystals

Intrusive If you look closely at a piece of granite you will see little flecks of white, black, gray, and sometimes pink. These flecks of color are crystals Coarse Grained Crystals

Extrusive • Igneous rock formed from lava that has flowed out onto the Earth’s surface. • • • Solidifies fast Cools rapidly Small/fine grains Ex-basalt/obsidian Can’t see the crystals

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Extrusive Obsidian(Volcanic Glass)

Type of Igneous extrusive intrusive Texture Glassy or fine Course, rough Crystals Small crystals Large Crystals

Careers in Science • • Petraologists study igneous rocks Field observations Laboratory studies Geochemical analyses and experiments