The Five Themes of Geography 1 Location 2

The Five Themes of Geography 1. Location 2. Place 3. Human-Environment Interaction 4. Movement 5. Regions

Theme 1: Location • Where is It? • Why is It There? Two Types of Location • Absolute • Relative

Absolute Location • • A specific place on the Earth’s surface Uses a grid system Latitude and longitude A global address

Absolute Location - Longitude • Measured in degrees E or W of the Prime Meridian (0° - runs through Greenwich, England) • 0° and 180° do not use direction • The distance between lines of Longitude is larger towards the Equator and they converge at the poles

Absolute Location - Longitude 35 miles 69 miles

Absolute Location - Latitude • Measured in degrees N or S of the Equator (0° runs around the “center” of the globe) • North Pole = 90° N South Pole = 90° S • 0° does not use direction • The distance between all lines of Latitude is equal – Each degree is approximately 69 miles

Absolute Location Latitude and Longitude are measured in: Degrees ° - Minutes ’ - Seconds ” Great Valley High School • Latitude 40°N 3’ 26. 40” • Longitude 75°W 34’ 3. 14”

Relative Location • Where a place is in relation to another place • Often uses directional words to describe – Cardinal and intermediate directions

Relative Location • The United States is bordered to its NORTH by Canada and to its SOUTH by Mexico • The Atlantic Ocean forms the US EAST coast and the Pacific Ocean its WEST coast. • The United States is in the WESTERN HEMISPHERE • The US is in NORTH AMERICA

Theme 2: Place • Place describes the human and physical characteristics of a location.

Theme 2: Place Physical Characteristics • Physical characteristics include a description such things as the mountains, rivers, beaches, topography, and animal and plant life of a place.

Theme 2: Place Human Characteristics • Human characteristics include the humandesigned cultural features of a place, from land use and architecture, to forms of livelihood and religion, to food and folk ways, to transportation and communication networks.

Theme 3: Human Environment Interaction How People Interact With Their Environment People. . . • Adapt to Their Environment • Modify Their Environment • Depend on Their Environment

Pennsylvania: Human Environment Interaction • Adapt To Their Environment • Kinzua Dam – Allegany Forest

Pennsylvania: Human Environment Interaction • Modify Their Environment • Schuylkill Canal - Phoenixville

Pennsylvania: Human Environment Interaction • Depend on Their Environment • Amish Farmer in Lancaster

Theme 3: Human Environment Interaction This can also result in NEGATIVE results

Theme 4: Movement The Mobility of • People • Goods • Ideas How Places are linked to one another and the world

Pennsylvania: Movement

Theme 5: Regions What Places Have in Common • Political Regions • Landform Regions • Agricultural Regions • Cultural Regions

Theme 5: Regions • Political Regions

Theme 5: Regions • Landform • Regions

Theme 5: Regions • Agricultural Regions

Theme 5: Regions • Cultural Regions SEC Big 10