SI CLAUSES Si Clauses Si clauses express a

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SI CLAUSES

SI CLAUSES

Si Clauses Si clauses express a condition or event upon which another condition or

Si Clauses Si clauses express a condition or event upon which another condition or event depends. Si clauses are often hypothetical statements clauses contain a subordinate clause (si clause) and a main clause (result clause)

HYPOTHETICAL STATEMENTS ABOUT THE FUTURE In hypothetical statements about possible or probable future events

HYPOTHETICAL STATEMENTS ABOUT THE FUTURE In hypothetical statements about possible or probable future events or conditions, the verb in the si clause is always in the present indicative. The verb in the result clause may be in the present indicative, future indicative or ir + a +infinitive or a command. Si clause (present indicative) Result Clause Si Uds. están cansados… pueden descansar un poco. Si Andrés sigue el mapa… llegará al campamento en una hora. Si no lleva Ud. un suéter en su mochila… va a tener frío. Si el cartón de leche está vacío… ponlo en la cesta de reciclaje.

HYPOTHETICAL STATEMENTS ABOUT THE PRESENT In hypothetical statements about improbable or contraryto-fact situations or

HYPOTHETICAL STATEMENTS ABOUT THE PRESENT In hypothetical statements about improbable or contraryto-fact situations or conditions(i. e. one that is possible, but will probably not happen and/or has not occurred), the verb in the si clause is in the past subjunctive and the result clause is in the conditional. Si clause Result clause Si tuviera un abrelatas… abriría esta lata de frijoles ahora. Si no hubiera leyes para proteger los ríos… estarían muy contaminados. Si Pedro sacara una foto de un oso… se iría contento de esta excursión.

HABITUAL CONDITIONS & ACTIONS IN THE PAST When the si clause express an habitual

HABITUAL CONDITIONS & ACTIONS IN THE PAST When the si clause express an habitual past action or condition that is not contrary-to-fact, the imperfect tense is used in both the si clause and the result clause. Si clause Result clause Si Pepe tenía la oportunidad… siempre pasaba las vacaciones a la playa. De niño, si íbamos al campo… siempre traíamos comida para el viaje.

SI CLAUSES Note: The si clause may be the first or second clause of

SI CLAUSES Note: The si clause may be the first or second clause of a sentence Si clauses Si tienes tiempo, visita el monumento. ¿Me acompañarías al lago si te lo pidiera?

SI CLAUSES: SUMMARY Situation/Condition Si Clause Hypothetical Future present indicative Events Result Clause •

SI CLAUSES: SUMMARY Situation/Condition Si Clause Hypothetical Future present indicative Events Result Clause • • present indicative future indicative ir + a + infinitive command Hypothetical Present past subjunctive conditional Events Habitual Past Events imperfect indicative

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9 3 Si clauses Si if clauses express9 3 Si clauses Si if clauses express
Introductory phrases Adverbial clauses Nominal clauses Relative clausesIntroductory phrases Adverbial clauses Nominal clauses Relative clauses
Relative Clauses Relative Clauses Relative clauses can giveRelative Clauses Relative Clauses Relative clauses can give
CONDITIONAL CLAUSES CONDITIONAL CLAUSES complex clauses main clauseCONDITIONAL CLAUSES CONDITIONAL CLAUSES complex clauses main clause