Secondary Chords AP Music Theory Mr Silvagni Dominant

Secondary Chords AP Music Theory Mr. Silvagni

Dominant Function • V and viio chords have a strong pull to tonic • Fa to Mi and Ti to Do are tendency tones resolving • The tendencies are so strong that you can borrow this dominant/tonic motion from other keys

Secondary Motion • Secondary motions are V – I or viio – I motions borrowed from another key • They are usually examples of temporary tonicization, but can be pivot points of modulations

Secondary Chords • Secondary dominant: A V or V 7 chord borrowed from another key • Secondary leading tone: A viio, viiø 7, or viio 7 chord borrowed from another key • You can borrow from any scale degree that has a key (cannot borrow from viio or iio because they’re not related to a major or minor key)

Secondary Dominants in G Major • V/ii – E Major • V/iii – F# Major • V 7/IV – G 7 (V/IV = I) • V/V – A Major • V/vi – B Major

Secondary Dominants in D Minor • V/III – C Major • V 7/iv – D 7 Major (V/iv = i) • V/v – E Major • V/VI – F# Major • V/VII – G Major

Secondary Leading Tones Secondary Leading Tone chords in A Major • viio 7/ii – A#o 7 • viio 7/iii – B#o 7 • viiø 7/IV – C#ø 7 • viio 7/V – D#o 7 • viiø 7/vi – E#ø 7

Secondary Leading Tones Secondary Leading Tone chords in Bb Minor • viiø 7/III – C#o 7 • viio 7/iv – Do 7 • viio 7/v – Eø 7 • viiø 7/V – Eo 7 • viiø 7/VI – F#ø 7 • viiø 7/VII – Gø 7

Spotting Secondary Chords • Most of the time, secondary chords have written accidentals • The most common secondary chord, V/V, uses a raised 4 accidental (Fi) • One of the melodic dictations will have Fi • One of the harmonic dictations will have a V/V chord (Fi in soprano or bass) • One of the sight singing examples will have Fi • The writing a bass line may include Fi…which means you must write a secondary chord