SECOND GREAT AWAKENING SOCIAL REFORM AP US History

SECOND GREAT AWAKENING & SOCIAL REFORM AP US History

SECOND GREAT AWAKENING CC #15 3: 18 TO 6: 13 Event • Rebirth of religion in the early 1800 s Causes • Society wasn’t as religious in the Revolutionary Era so Americans returned to their religious roots • Empowerment of common people (politics, economics) • Evangelical preachers and camp meetings (Charles Finney, Peter Cartwright) Results • Attempts to improve American society; numerous reform movements • New American religions: Mormons, Millerites

SECOND GREAT AWAKENING When the churches are … awakened and reformed, the reformation and salvation of sinner will follow, going through the same stages of conviction, repentance, and reformation. Their hearts will be broken down and changed. Very often, the most abandoned profligates are among the subjects. Harlots and drunkards, and infidels, and all sorts of abandoned characters, are awakened and converted. - Charles Finney, 1834

SECOND GREAT AWAKENING But the idea which now begins to agitate society has a wider scope than our daily employments, our households, and the institutions of property. We are to revise the whole of our social structure, the state, the school, religion, marriage, trade, science, and explore their foundations in our own nature; we are to see that the world not only fitted the former men, but fits us, and to clear ourselves of every usage which has not its roots in our own mind. What is a man born for but to be a Reformer, a Remaker of what man has made; a renouncer of lies; a restorer of truth and good, imitating that great Nature which embosoms us all, and which sleeps no moment on an old past, but every hour repairs herself, yielding us every morning a new day, and with every pulsation a new life? - Ralph Waldo Emerson, 1841

UTOPIAS Attempts to create a perfect society in American life • New Harmony – socialist experiment • Brook Farm – intellectual community • Oneida – “free love” • Shakers – no reproduction None of the utopias worked out

DOCUMENT ANALYSIS What were the problems and what did people do about it? A – Women’s Rights (Rush, Grimke, Stanton) B – Abolition (Garrison, Douglass, Fitzhugh) C – Other Movements (Cartoon, Dix, Mann) • Temperance (Drinking) • Schools • Treatment of Mentally Ill

OUTCOMES What were the problems and what did people do about it? A – Women’s Rights – Republican Motherhood, Cult of Domesticity, Seneca Falls Convention, Declaration of Sentiments CC 16 8: 55 to end B – Abolition – American Colonization Society, Abolition, William Lloyd Garrison, Frederick Douglass, Denmark Vesey, Nat Turner, Southern Defense of Slavery (L, E, S) CC 15 8: 15 to end C – Other Movements – Temperance Pledges/Blue Laws, American Temperance Society, Asylums, Dorothea Dix, Public Education (North)

ARGUMENTATION Evaluate the reasons for the emergence of social reform in the period 1800 -1850. • Dot Jot: Context (Theme, Era & Specific) • Write Thesis (X, A & B) • Dot Jot Paragraph Details (Topic & 2 Specifics) • Think about topic sentences (rank, say cause/factor/etc. ) • Complexity? • Explain Opposite: Result • Explain Nuance: Clearly evaluate/rank causes Modification of Q

DEFENSE OF SLAVERY • Gag Order (1836 -1844) • Economics • England North are based on cotton • wage slaves v. real slaves • slaves as property • Legal • Liberty (freedom for or freedom from) • constitutionally protected? • states rights v. federal rights • property protections • Social /Cultural • Racism • Religion – slavery in The Bible • Cultural – “civilizing the savages”