Relative Clauses Stage 15 A Study the following
- Slides: 13
Relative Clauses Stage 15
A. Study the following examples: ancilla urnam portabat. The slave-girl was carrying the jug. ancilla, quae post Salvium ambulabat, urnam portabat. The slave-girl, who was walking behind Salvius, was carrying the jug.
What is a Relative Pronoun? • • A word such as who or which Begins a relative clause Refers to a noun earlier in the sentence Acts as a noun
What is a Relative Clause? • Subordinate clause dependent on the main clause • Gives more information about a noun
Forms Singular Case Masculine Feminine Neuter Nominative quī quae quod Genitive cuius Dative cui cui Accusative quem quam quod Ablative quō quā quō
Forms Plural Case Masculine Feminine Neuter Nominative quī quae Genitive quōrum quārum quōrum Dative quibus Accusative quōs quās quae Ablative quibus
B. Relative pronouns have antecedents – words that they refer back to and agree with. For example: vilicus, qui cum praecursoribus equitabat, ad Salvium rediit. The farm manager, who was riding with the forerunners, returned to Salvius. prope iuvenes erat plaustrum, quod totam viam claudebat. Near the young men was a wagon, which was blocking the whole road. In the first examples, the relative pronoun is qui and it refers back to vilicus, which is its antecedent. In the second example the relative pronoun is quod and its antecedent is plaustrum.
Examples – underline the relative pronoun, draw an arrow back to the antecedent, and translate the sentence. 1. rex, qui sceptrum tenebat, in atrio sedebat. The king, who was holding the scepter, was sitting in the atrium.
2. vinum, quod Salvius bibebat, erat optimum. The wine, which Salvius was drinking, was the best.
3. ancillae, quae dominum timebant, e villā festinaverunt. The slave-girls, who were fearing the master, hurried out of the house.
4. canis, quem Bregans ducebat, ferocissimus erat. The dog, whom (which) Bregans was leading, was very fierce.
5. in viā erant multi Britanni, qui Romanos impediebant. Many Britons, who were delaying the Romans, were in the street.
6. cena, quam Volubilis parabat, erat splendida. The dinner, which Volubilis was preparing, was splendid.
