PRESENT SIMPLE WE USE PRESENT SIMPLE to talk

PRESENT SIMPLE

WE USE PRESENT SIMPLE • to talk about things IN GENERAL • to say that something happens all the time or repeatedly OR • in habitual actions: He smokes. Dog barks.

THE PRESENT SIMPLE TO SAY HOW OFTEN WE DO THINGS • To permanent situations • To do things by saying something or suggest something: I SUGGEST I PROMISE I APOLOGISE I ADVISE I INSIST I AGREE I REFUSE

Simple Present can be used: • in newspaper headlines: MASS MURDERER ESCAPES PEACE TALKS FAIL • For dramatic narrative, when descibing the action of a play, opera, and is used by radio commentators at sports events, public functions: When the curtain rises, Juliet is writing at her desk. Suddenly the window opens and masked man enters.

• for a planned future action or series of actions, when they refer to a journey: We leave London at 10. 00 next Tuesday and arrive in Paris at 13. We spend two hours and leave again at 15. 00. • in time clauses: a) When there is an idea of routine: As soon as he earns any money he spends it. She takes the boy to school before she goes to work b) When the main verb is in a future form: It will stop raining soon. Then we’ll go out = When it stops raining we’ll go out

In the affirmative the simple present has the same form as the infinitive but adds an s for the third person singular.

I, you, we, they he, she, it I go I run I fly I watch he goes he runs he flies he watches + s/es Affirmative Do Does Do you go? Does he go? Do you run? Does he run? Do you fly? Does he fly? Do you watch? Does he watch? Interrogatives don’t doesn’t I don’t go I don’t understand I don’t know He doesn’t remember He doesn’t like He doesn’t listen Negative

Verbs ending in ss, sh, ch, x and o add es, intead of s alone, to form the third person singular: I kiss, he kisses I box, he boxes I rush, he rushes I do, he does I watch, he watches I go, he goes When follows a consonant we change the y into i and add es: es I carry, he carries I copy, he copies I try, he tries But verbs ending in y following a vowel obey the usual rule: I obey, he obeys I say, he says

The simple present is often used with adverbs phrases such as:

How often do you wash your hair? I go to Church on Sundays. It rains in winter. When you open the door a lights goes on. Whenever it rains the roof leaks.

It is used, chiefly with the verb say, say when - we are asking about, - quoting from books, notices or very recently receives letters: What does that notice say? – It says, ‘No parking’ I see you’ve got a letter from Ann. What does she say? Shakespeare says, ‘Neither a borrower nor a lender be. ’

Thank you for your attention Have a nice learn • Katarzyna Wróblewska • Nina Mateńko • Anna Zakrzewska