PAST SIMPLE I walked to college yesterday She

PAST SIMPLE - I walked to college yesterday. - She didn’t phone me last week. - When did you arrive in this country? • To talk about completed actions in the past. We often mention WHEN the action happened, and use time expressions such as yesterday, last week/year, in 1999, two years ago, when?

FORMS OF THE PAST SIMPLE POSITIVE I/you/he/she/it/we/they finished went NEGATIVE (did not/didn’t + verb) I/you/he/she/it/we/they did not/didn’t finish did not/didn’t go QUESTIONS (did + subject + verb) Did I/you/he/she/it/we/they finish Did I/you/he/she/it/we/they go

PAST CONTINUOUS -It wasn’t raining at the time. -What were you doing at 6 o’clock yesterday? - I was walking down the street when I met an old friend. - While I was cleaning the floors, the children were washing the windows. -for actions and situations that were in progress at a particular time in the past - to describe something in progress when the second action happened - for two actions that were both in progress at the same time

FORMS OF THE PAST CONTINUOUS POSITIVE (was/were + -ing) I/he/she/it was walking you/we/they were walking NEGATIVE (was not/wasn’t/were not/weren’t + -ing) I/he/she/it was not/wasn’t walking you/we/they were not/weren’t walking QUESTIONS (was/were … + -ing? ) Was I/he/she/it walking Were you/we/they walking

PRESENT PERFECT • I have already read his letter. • Indefinite time in the past - we don’t say WHEN something happened • I’ve never been to Italy. • To talk about people’s lives until now • I’ve lost my keys. (I can’t find them now) • When something that happened in the past has a result now

FORMS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT • POSITIVE (have/has + past participle) I/you/we/they have/’ve worked He/she/it has/’s worked • NEGATIVE I/you/we/they He/she/it have not/haven’t worked has not/hasn’t worked • QUESTION Have I/you/we/they Has he/she/it worked

ADVERBS USED WITH PRESENT PERFECT AND PAST SIMPLE • Which of these adverbs do we use with present perfect / past simple: never last week already yesterday ago ever today since just lately yet in 2003 for so far this week

PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS • It has been raining for two hours. • How long have you been working there? • for an activity that started in the past and continues into the present (with how long, for and since) • Where have you been? I’ve been looking for you everywhere. • for an activity that has recently stopped or just stopped

FORM OF THE PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS • It’s been raining for hours. • They haven’t been playing long. • Has he been studying all day? POSITIVE I/you/we/they he/she/it have /’ve has /’s NEGATIVE I/you/we/they he/she/it haven’t hasn’t QUESTION Have Has I/you/we/they he/she/it been been working working

PAST PERFECT Things that happened before another action in the past: • When Sarah arrived at the party, Paul had already gone home • Karen didn’t want to go to the cinema with us because she’d already seen the film. I/you/he/she/it we/you/they had (I’d/he’d…) gone seen

Compare the PAST SIMPLE and the PAST PERFECT • Was Tom there when you arrived? Yes, but he left soon afterwards. • Was Tom there when you arrived? No, he had already left.