Noun Adjective Agreement There are 2 types of

Noun Adjective Agreement

• There are 2 types of adjectives: st • 1 – nd 2 Declension, Ex: magnus, -a, um • 3 rd Declension Ex: fidēlis fidēle fidēlis (m&f) fidēle (n)

1 st 2 nd declension adjectives Comes from 2 nd Masc • • • Nom Gen Dat Acc Abl magnus magnī magnō magnum magnō • Nom magnī • Genmagnōrum • Dat magnīs • Acc magnōs Comes from 1 st magnae magnam magnā Comes from 2 nd Neuter magnum magnī magnō magnum magnō magnae magna magnārum magnīs magnās magnīs magna

3 rd declension adjective ALMOST exactly like 3 rd declension nouns • Nom • • • Gen Dat Acc Abl Plural m Gen Dat Acc Abl fidēlis fidēle fidēlis fidēlī fidēlem fidēlī fidēl is fidēl ī fidēl e fidēl ī fidēlēs fidēlium fidēlibus fidēlēs fidēlibus fidēl ia fidēl i um fidēl ibus fidēl ia fidēl ibus

• AN ADJECTIVE MUST AGREE WITH THE NOUN IT MODIFIES IN • CASE (nom, gen, dat, acc, abl), • NUMBER (sing/pl) and • GENDER (m, f, n) • BUT THE ADJECTIVE STAYS IN ITS OWN DECLENSION • A 1 st -2 nd declension adjective never takes 3 rd declension endings • A 3 rd declension adjective never takes 1 st 2 nd declension endings

ALL THESE ARE NOM. SINGULAR m f n Nom magnus magna magnum They don’t necessarily match, but they agree! 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. puer (nom sing m) est magnus. puella (nom sing f) est magna. nauta (nom sing m) est magnus. punctum (nom sing n) est magnum. pater (nom sing m) est magnus. mater (nom sing f) est magna. plaustrum (nom sing n) est magnum.

All these are NOM PLURAL m f Nom magnī magnae magna n They don’t necessarily match, but they agree! 8. puerī (nom-plural-m) sunt magnī. 9. puellae (nom plural) sunt magnae. 10. nautae (nom plural m) sunt magnī. 11. puncta (nom plural n) sunt magna. 12. patrēs (nom plural m) sunt magnī. 13. matrēs (nom plural f) sunt magnae. 14. fratrēs (nom plural m) sunt magn ī. 15. sororēs (nom plural f) sunt magnae. 16/ plaustra (nom plural n) sunt magna.

m f n Acc magnum magnam magnum They don’t necessarily match, but they agree! 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. magnum magnam magnum magn am Magnum puerum (m acc sing) videō. puellam videō. nautam videō punctum videō fratrem video sororem videō. punctum videō

ALL THESE ARE ACC. Plural m f Acc magnōs magnās n magna They don’t necessarily match, but they agree! 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. Magnōs puerōs (acc pl m) videō. Magnās puellās (acc pl f)videō Magnōs nautās (acc pl m)videō. Magna puncta (acc pl n)videō Magnōs fratrēs (acc pl m)videō Magnās sororēs (acc pl f)videō. Magna plaustra (acc pl n)videō

3 rd declension adjective ALMOST exactly like 3 rd declension nouns • Nom • • • Gen Dat Acc Abl Plural m Gen Dat Acc Abl fidēlis fidēle fidēlis fidēlī fidēlem fidēlī fidēl is fidēl ī fidēl e fidēl ī fidēlēs fidēlium fidēlibus fidēlēs fidēlibus fidēl ia fidēl i um fidēl ibus fidēl ia fidēl ibus

ALL THESE ARE NOM. SINGULAR m f n Nom fidēlis fidēle They don’t necessarily match, but they agree! 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. puer (m nom sing) est fidēlis. puella (f nom sing) est fidēlis. nauta (m nom sing) est fidēlis. punctum (n nom sing) est fidēle. pater (m nom sing) est fidēlis. mater (f nom sing) est fidēlis. plaustrum (n nom sing) est fidēle.

m f n Nom fidēlēs fidēlia They don’t necessarily match, but they agree! 8. puerī (nom plural m)sunt fidelēs. 9. puellae sunt fidelēs. 10. nautae sunt fidelēs. 11. puncta sunt fidelia. 12. patrēs sunt fidelēs. 13. matrēs sunt fidelēs. 14. fratrēs sunt fidelēs. 15. sororēs sunt fidelēs. 16. plaustra sunt fidelia.

ALL THESE ARE ACC Singular m f n Acc fidēlem fidēle They don’t necessarily match, but they agree! 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. fidēlem puerum (acc sing m) videō. fidēlem puellam (acc sing f)videō. fidēlem nautam (acc sing m)videō fidēle punctum (acc sing n)videō fidēlem fratrem (acc sing m) video fidēlem sororem (acc sing f)videō. fidēle plaustrum (acc sing n)videō

m n Acc fidēlēs fidēlia They don’t necessarily match, but they agree! 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. Fidelēs puerōs videō. fidelēs puellās videō Fidelēs nautās videō. Fidelia puncta videō Fidelēs fratrēs videō Fidelēs sororēs videō. Fidelia plaustra videō.

ABAB-interlocked • Rex reginam amat fidelis difficilem. Sum fidelis! Sum difficilis!

ABBA Synchesis • Soror fratrem amat magnum parva. Sum magnus! Sum parva!

ABBA Synchesis Virum bona amat femina malum. Sum malus! Sum bona!

A. • Servī canem( ferōx, ferōcem) retrāxērunt. • The slaves dragged back the ferocious dog.

• Ego (multī, multōs) iuvenēs in forō vīdī. • I saw many young men in the forum.

• Ōrnātrīx (laeta, laetam) coquō osculum dedit. • The happy hair-dresser gave a kiss to the cook

• Amīcī (fortēs, fortibus) lībertum servāvērunt. • The brave friends saved the freedman

• Māter (parvī, parvōs parvīs) puerīs cibum parāvit. • The mother gave food to the small boys.

• Bregāns amphoram (gravis, gravem, gravī) portāre nōlēbat. • Bregans did not want to carry the heavy jar

• Domina ancillae (fidēlis, fidēlem, fidēlī) stolam ēmit. • The mistress bought a stola for the faithful slave girl