MONGOL EMPIRE Mongols were a pastoral people from

MONGOL EMPIRE Mongols were a pastoral people from the region of modern day Mongolia. • They were organized loosely into clans. 1

Temujin – gradually unified the Mongols. 1206 the Mongols elected a leader named Temujin as the Genghis Khan “strong ruler”- he devoted himself to conquest. �He moved his troops into the quasi-Chinese Chinruled north China in 1211 and 1234 they destroyed the capital city. �Mongols brought much of the Eurasian landmass under a single rule, creating the largest land empire in history. �Mongol armies traveled both to the west and to the east. Some went as far as central Europe. 2

AFTER THE DEATH OF GENGHIS KHAN IN 1227 �The empire began to change. �The united Genghis Khan empire was divided into territories called KHANATES each under the rule. � 1231 – Mongols attacked Persia and then 1258 defeated the Abbasids at Baghdad 3

THE MONGOL DYNASTY IN CHINA �KUBLAI KHAN –(Genghis Khan’s grandson) completed the conquest of the Song and established a new Chinese dynasty, the Yuan. �He ruled China from 1279 -1294. �Established his capital at Khanbaliq (“the city of the Khan”) in northern China. Later the city would be known by Chinese name Beijing. 4

KUBLAI KHAN LEADERSHIP �Dynasty continued to expand the empire. �Conquered Vietnam. 5

GOVERNMENT �Adapted Chinese system of government. �He abolished the civil service exams �Established separate rules for the Mongols and for the Chinese. �Confucian principles. 6

THE RISE OF THE JAPANESE STATE �Japan is a chain of many islands. Land Area: approx. 146, 000 sq miles or 378, 000 sq km. �Main Islands: (a) Hokkaido (b) Honshu (c) Kyushu (d) Shikoku

Shotoku Taishi – the prince of the Yamato clan, tried to unify the various Japanese clans in order to more effectively resist an invasion by the Chinese.

Shotoku’s Accomplishments: �Created a centralized government under a supreme ruler; ruler portrayed as divine.

LEADERS OF EARLY ASIA Leader: Genghis Khan Place of Origin: Mongolia Accomplishment(s): 1. Brought entire Eurasian landmass under his control. 2. Created largest land empire in history.

Leader: Kublai Khan �Place of Origin: Mongolia �Accomplishment: � 1. established Khanbaliq, conquered the Song dynasty in China and invaded Vietnam temporarily and Java, Sumatra, and Japan unsuccessfully.

Leader: Shotoku Taishi �Place of Origin: Japan �Accomplishments: �Created centralized government under a supreme ruler; ruler portrayed as divine.

Leader: Minamoto Yoritomo �Place of Origin: Japan �Accomplishments: �Created shogunate and moved center of control to Tokyo.