Kingdom Plantae The World of plants Plants People

Kingdom Plantae The World of plants

Plants & People 35, 000 plant species People use at least 10, 000 20 plant species provide more than 90% of our food supply – 3 make up more than ½ of daily calories (wheat, rice, corn, )

Food Crops Cereals Root crops Legumes Fruits, vegetables, & nuts Spices, herbs, flavorings Food production

Nonfood Uses of Plants Medicine Clothing & fabric dyes Fuel Table 27 -3 – Identify three plants from the table that are common food plants but are used for other purposes.

Plants General characteristics of plants – Eukaryotes – Multicellular – Autotrophs- produces their own food Contain chloroplasts where food production takes place. Chloroplasts contain chlorophyllgives the plant its color

Chloroplast

Adaptations of Plants Adaptation – Seed & Spores allow widespread dispersal Seeds more effective at dispersal – Cuticle- a waxy, protective layer on the leaves and stems. Helps prevent water loss Stomataopening in the cuticle

Cuticle and stomata

Adaptations of Plants Adaptation – Vascular tissue Xylem- absorbs water & inorganic nutrients from the roots to the stems & leaves. Phloem- carries organic compounds (ex. carbohydrates) to other places of the plant.

Adaptations of Plants Leaf- a broad flat organ – Food production takes place here (photosynthesis) Roots anchor the plant – helps absorb water and nutrients for the plant.

Classifying Plants Nonvascular Plants – No vascular tissue (xylem & phloem), roots, stems, or leaves – Grow on land near streams & rivers Bryophyte, liverwort, hornwort

Classifying Plants Vascular Plants – Have vascular tissue – Seedless Plants Release spores Ferns, moss, horsetails – Seed Plants Greater chance of reproductive success

Roots, Stems, Leaves Roots – Anchor the plant, absorb & transport water & nutrients (taproot & fibrous root) Stems – Support leaves, transport materials, provide storage Leaves – photosynthesis

Roots and Leaves