Japan Modernizes Section 2 Essential Questions Why did

Japan Modernizes Section 2 Essential Questions • Why did Japan want to remain isolated and how were they challenged by European powers? • How did the Meiji Restoration restore power to Japan? • How did new foreign policy make Japan an industrial and military power?

Isolationism in Japan ©Japanese leaders wanted to remain isolated from foreigners ©Feared change, didn’t want leaders overthrown ©Trading ships were not allowed in ports ©However, Japanese people were curious about Western lifestyle

Discontent in Japan ©Shoguns – supreme military dictators ©Diamyo- landholding warrior lords (helped the shoguns rule Japan) ©Samauri- lesser than (lacked money, unhappy) *The samauri wanted change.

Japan Changes Direction During the Meiji Era: 1868 - 1912 Commodore Matthew Perry

1853 – Commodore Matthew Perry “Opens Up” Japan to Western Trade!

Commodore Matthew Perry ©Landed at Tokyo Bay. He was sent from the U. S. by Pres. Millard Fillmore with a letter demanding Japan open its ports to trade. ©Japan could not defend itself against the U. S. Navy.

What Did the U. S. Want? ? v Coaling stations v More trading partners v A haven for ship-wrecked sailors

Treaty of Kanagawa ©Japan opened ports, not for trade. ©Soon the U. S. won trading rights. ©Japan Opened two ports to American trade ©Allowed an American consul to live in Japan ©Consul - A government official responsible for business and trade interests

The Treaty of Kanagawa - 1854

The Emperor Is “Restored” to Power MEIJI “Enlightened Rule”

Meiji © 15 year old emperor “ enlightened ruler” ©Reformers under him wanted to strengthen Japan ©Adopted German gov. ©Citizens equal before the law ©Formed a diet-legislation ©Western-style bureaucracy-separate finance, army, navy, & edu.

Changes in Society ©Rapid industrialization ©Some women became literate but still were second class( were not allowed to get into politics). Homogeneous societysame culture and language

Newspaper Cartoon, 1870 s Enlightened Half-Enlightened Un-Enlightened

European Goods v Many Japanese felt the Europeans were “too close for comfort” v New slogan: Japanese Spirit; Western Technology!

The Japanese Became Obsessed with Western Styles Civilization and Enlightenment!

Asia Japan

Sino-Japanese War ©Japan wanted to trade with Korea which was controlled by China ©Japan’s modernized forces easily defeated China’s weak army and navy China was forced to… ©allow Korea to be independent © give the island of Taiwan to Japan

The Russo-Japanese War: 1904 -1905

The Russo-Japanese War ©Japan was getting worried about Russian expansion in China and Korea ©Japan defeated Russia ©Japan formed a protectorate in Korea and annexed Korea ©Russia was forced to recognize Japan’s control over Korea

Japan Annexes Korea