Introduction to Film Studies Montage Editing Devices Cheat

Introduction to Film Studies Montage

Editing Devices • Cheat Cut - in the continuity editing system, a cut which presents continuous time from shot to shot but which mismatches the position of figures or objects • The lady on the phone, the wall and the people at dinner table, Meet me in St. Louis

• Establishing shot: a long shot at the start of a scene that shows things from a distance and is intended to help identify and orient the location or time for the scene and action that follows. • Alfred Hitchcock did not hesitate to use a landmark • Vertigo

• Establishing shot not only introduces the viewer a location, but also determines the spatial relationship in it, very importantly, the axis of action for the 180° rule (system) Vertigo

• Cross-cutting or Inter-cutting (shots of two or more, usually concurrent actions, are interwoven. ) • A classic example: D. W. Griffith’s The Lonedale Operator In its ending the telegraph woman sends for help and ward off the robbers and in the meanwhile help is arriving in a train. 11. 18

• Cross-cutting – editing that alternates the shots of two or more lines of action taking place in different places but simultaneously. Multiple actions are linked and multiple characters from different shots are associated. Godfather Baptism

Editing Devices • Jump Cut – editing device to skip time in the same action. Through this editing, an action can jump forwards in time by eliminating part of it. It manipulates the duration of the action. How to make a jump cut

Editing Devices • Cut-away: Editing device to ‘cut away’ from the main action to any shot of a different action or image to return to the original action. • David Lean’s Lawrence of Arabia, Well scene

• Jump cut using a match cut • Kon Ichikawa, Tokyo Olympiad 1. 50. 25

• The scene is edited by various ways of jump cut • In Martin Scorsese’s Raging Bull Robinson

• Jagged jump cut, in which an action is cut abruptly before it completes and an action starts abruptly in the middle of it, fractures the duration of time forward. Violation of classical continuity editing. Seberg

• Jagged jump cut • Michel Hazanavicius, OSS 11: Cairo, Nest of Spies • Example 14

Duration of Time in Editing • Temporal ellipsis – jumping forward in story time by not showing what may have happened between the last action and the next. • In Yasujiro Ozu’s Tokyo Story, events over a night is eliminated by the shot of the old parents waiting for a train cut to the shot of a railway station in the morning and their son in his office. 1. 26. 00

Duration of Time in Editing • The passage of days is eliminated by using a series of unmatched shots of holiday-makers arriving at the beach town and indicating a holiday season is approaching. • Stephen Spielberg’s Jaws Holidaymakers

Creative Editing • One of the boldest graphic matches in cinema history and one of the largest temporal ellipsis. Between the shot of a bone spinning in the air and that of a space station orbiting the earth, two million years has passed in Stanley Kubrick’s 2001: Space Odyssey

Creative Editing • Another bold ellipsis of time in which not only a considerable length of time is omitted but also it jumps a considerable geographical space from Cairo to the Arabian Desert in Lawrence of Arabia. Desert

Creative Editing • Stop-motion editing: a shot ends with a stopmotion and cut to the next shot • Martin Scorsese Beginning

Creative Editing • Flush-bulb cut: a shot ends with a flush of a camera and cut to the next shot. • Martin Scorsese 1. 20

Editing Devices • Double (multiple) exposure – the superimposition of two or more exposure to create a single image. It has been used in Francis Ford Coppola’s Apocalypse Now opening

Editing Devices • J-Cut • L-Cut • Fight Club • Sky Fall • An essential cut

Editing Devices • The footage shot by multiple cameras can be edited together so that the scene gain dynamism as frequently used in sports broadcasting.

Editing Devices • The final battle scene of Seven Samurai by Akira Kurosawa was shot with eight cameras and the footage was skillfully edited and mixed with enhanced sound effects.

Editing Devices • Danny Boyle’s Slumdog Millinaire was shot with 26 portable digital video cameras at most. I’ll never forgive you.