Grammar Notes Hyphens Hyphens with Prefixes A hyphen

Hyphens with Prefixes • A hyphen is NOT ordinarily used to join a prefix

–Also, use a hyphen after the prefixes all-, ex- (meaning ‘former’), and self- joined

– Use a hyphen after the prefix anti- when it joins a word beginning

Use a hyphen to avoid confusion between words beginning with re- that look alike

Hyphens with compounds and numbers • Use a hyphen in a compound adjective that

• Hyphenate any spelled-out number up to ninety-nine. – Examples: sixty-four eighty-two

$• Hyphenate a fraction that is expressed in words. Examples: • one-eighth •$

• Hyphenate two numerals to indicate a span. Examples: pages 30 -56 1986

PRACTICE 1. Twenty four 1. Twenty-four 2. Her coat is light-blue. 1. Her coat

1. I am anti instant pudding. 1. I am anti-instant pudding. 2. He wants

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Grammar Notes: Hyphens

Hyphens with Prefixes • A hyphen is NOT ordinarily used to join a prefix to a word. There a few exceptions, however. – Use a hyphen after any prefix joined to a proper noun or a proper adjective. • Examples: –mid-Atlantic post-Elizabethan

–Also, use a hyphen after the prefixes all-, ex- (meaning ‘former’), and self- joined to any noun or adjective. • Examples: –ex-coach –self-confidence

– Use a hyphen after the prefix anti- when it joins a word beginning with i. Also use a hyphen after the prefix vice-, EXCEPT in vice president. • Examples: –anti-icing –vice-mayor I HATE icing!!!

Use a hyphen to avoid confusion between words beginning with re- that look alike but are different in meaning and pronunciation. • Examples: –re-cover the couch vs. recover the couch That new covering on the couch looks lovely! So THAT’S where our couch was!

Hyphens with compounds and numbers • Use a hyphen in a compound adjective that precedes a noun. In general, a compound adjective that follows a noun is not hyphenated. – Examples: • dark-green eyes vs. Her eyes are dark green. • fifteen-year-old aunt vs. Her aunt is fifteen years old.

• Hyphenate any spelled-out number up to ninety-nine. – Examples: sixty-four eighty-two

$• Hyphenate a fraction that is expressed in words. Examples: • one-eighth •$

• Hyphenate a fraction that is expressed in words. Examples: • one-eighth • one-quarter • one-half

• Hyphenate two numerals to indicate a span. Examples: pages 30 -56 1986 -1996 HYPHENS!!!

PRACTICE 1. Twenty four 1. Twenty-four 2. Her coat is light-blue. 1. Her coat is light blue. 3. I read pages 4 -73. 1. Correct!

1. I am anti instant pudding. 1. I am anti-instant pudding. 2. He wants to be vice-president. 1. He wants to be vice president. 3. I like the post-Victorian time period. 1. Correct!