GCSE History Edexcel Superpower Relations and the Cold

GCSE History- Edexcel Superpower Relations and the Cold War, 1941 -1991 Name Class Teacher

Paper 2 • • Paper 2 has two parts split into two booklets: Booklet 1: Period study (Cold War) Booklet 2: British Depth Study (Elizabeth). The exam is 1 hour 45 minutes and you should spend half on each section.

Overview Key Topic 1: The origins of the Cold War 1941 -58 Key Topic 2: Cold War Crises 1958 -70 Key Topic 3: The end of the Cold War.

Questions Question type How will the question be phrased Marks Consequence Explain two consequences of… 8 Narrative Account Write a narrative account analysing the main developments/ key events (can get either) of. . . You may use the following in your answers: • A • B You must also use information of your own 8 Importance x 2 Explain the importance of…. . FOR …. 8 8 Total: 32

Q 1 - Explain two consequences of … (8) AO 1 – Knowledge AO 2 – Consequence 2 P. E. E in total POINT One consequence of _______ was… EVIDENCE This was…(Historical detail needed, facts/dates- key information)… EXPLANATION This was a consequence because (explanation for WHY it is a consequence) Consequence – an after effect

Model Answer - Consequence POINT EVIDENCE EXPLANATION This example shows 1 PEE paragraph. You must do 2 in total. Explain two consequences of the Cuban Missile Crisis. (8) One consequence of the Cuban Missile Crisis was the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty which was created in August 1963. During the Crisis both countries came very close to staring a nuclear war. Khrushchev and Kennedy both agreed to sign this treaty which stated that no nuclear weapons could be tested in space, above ground or in the sea. Although countries could test weapons underground. The missile crisis nearly started a nuclear war thus there was now a genuine attempt at reducing the amount of nuclear weapons around the world, demonstrating co-operation between the two leaders. This was a positive consequence, as it demonstrated that both countries were now willing to work together for a common cause and put aside personal feelings.

Q 2 - Write a narrative account analysing the main developments/ key events of… (8) AO 1 – knowledge (4) AO 2 – analysis of causation/consequence/change (4) • • As it is a narrative –CHRONOLOGY is crucial Go in order of bullet points provided- BUT add another point of your own. (plan by jotting down an order of bullet points- the dates in the question are a big clue) 3 P. E. E Paragraphs in total When you start another paragraph use a linking word. Use linking words in your explanation too. LINK POINT One development/key event in the year… was… (Use the words from the question for first sentence) EVIDENCE (add detail/facts) EXPLANATION (explain the development/key event) LINK POINT/LINK As a result/ This led to/ moreover/ furthermore/however/ in addition to (link your previous development to your next one- USE linking word. ) POINT/LINK As a result/ This led to/ moreover/ furthermore/however/ in addition to (link your previous development to your next one USE linking word examples) EVIDENCE (add detail/facts). EVIDENCE (add detail) EXPLANATION (use linking words to explain) Word Box: Linking words This led to, as a result, in reaction, this caused, in retaliation, this was exacerbated by, moreover, furthermore, In addition to, finally, as a result, consequently, ultimately

Model Answer- Narrative Account Write a narrative account analysing the main events of the Cold War 1985 -1991 (8) You may use the following in your answer: • Gorbachev’s ‘New Thinking’ • The collapse of communism in Eastern Europe • You must also use information of your own. • This example just shows you the first paragraph only (note it is the first bullet point in the question too) • It also shows you how you should start your second paragraph. (note this is the second bullet point) • You must have 3 in total following the same structure as your first with clear links.

Q 3 - Explain the importance of _______ for_____ x 2 (8 + 8) AO 1 – knowledge (4) AO 2 – consequence/significance (4) To prepare you need to know WHY your event is important. Find 2 reasons= 2 XPEE You will need to write 2 P. E. E for two bullet points. To help think of your point, you can think of different ways an event can be important. 1. It may demonstrate something about a key figure- what? 2. It may affect superpower relations- how? 3. It may have important consequences 4. It may increase/ reduce a superpowers control or influence over a region. 5. It may have long term impact. POINT The _____ was a really important for superpower relations because (use the bullet points to help) EVIDENCE This was… (Detail needed, facts/dates- key information) EXPLANATION This was important for (Link back to the question development of the cold war / for superpower relations) because…

Model Answer-Importance POINT EVIDENCE EXPLANATION Explain the importance of the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan for the development of the Cold War. One importance of the Soviet Union’s invasion of Afghanistan was the creation of the Carter Doctrine. President Carter was concerned that America’s control of the Gulf area was under increasing pressure from the Soviet Union, and therefore Carter believed he needed to strengthen and defend America’s influence in the area. As a result, the Carter Doctrine was created which stated the USA would use military force if necessary to defend its interests in the Persian Gulf area. US military aid would be given to all of the countries bordering Afghanistan. This led to the funding of the Mujahedeen in their guerrilla warfare against the Soviet Union in Afghanistan, and the creation of the Rapid Deployment Force which could be used to fight in the Persian Gulf Area. This was important for the development of the Cold War as it now signified the end of detente, and a revival of the war with a second Cold war. It further demonstrated high tensions between the two powers as they were now both willing to implement the use of military force to protect their interest and influences in particular regions. REMEMBER- To help think of your point, you can think of different ways an event can be important. This example answers bullet point 3. You must have 2 PEE paragraphs in total. 1. It may demonstrate something about a key figure- what? 2. It may affect superpower relations- how? 3. It may have important consequences 4. It may increase/ reduce a superpowers control or influence over a region. 5. It may have long term impact.

Mark Scheme for Q 1 Level 2 Marks Description 1 -2 • Simple comment about a consequence • General information about the topic included, showing limited understanding of the period 3 -4 • Consequence is explained • Specific knowledge is added to support explanation showing good understanding of period. 1 consequence= 4 marks 2 consequences= 8 marks

Mark Scheme for Q 2 Level 1 Marks 1 -2 Description • Simple narrative given, not organised and not analysed • limited knowledge is shown to understand events Level 2 3 -5 Level 3 6 -8 • some narrative with organisation (using linking words)to show outcome of events. Still slightly disorganised and not much analysing of events. • Some accurate own knowledge added to understand events • Clear sequence of narrative which organisation (using linking words) to show outcome of events. Links between events analysed and is logically structured. • Good accurate and own knowledge added to understand events.

Mark Scheme for Q 3 Marks Description Level 1 1 -2 • Simple statements and no structure • Limited knowledge and understanding of topic. Level 2 3 -5 • Some explanation (one reason) given for each event of importance. It is somewhat clear and structured, but not at all times. • Some accurate knowledge is added for understanding of the topic. Level 3 6 -8 • Developed explanation of each event given, analysing importance and it is clearly and logically structured. • Good accurate and relevant information is added, showing good understanding of the topic and period studied.