Foundations of Addictions Counseling 3E David Capuzzi Mark

Foundations of Addictions Counseling, 3/E David Capuzzi & Mark D. Stauffer Chapter 7 Motivational Interviewing Updated by Melinda Haley, Walden University Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Basic Tenets n Change is the central feature of any therapeutic interaction. n Motivational interviewing is a relationship- centered, client-centered system of change. n Motivational interviewing is a transtheoretical approach to the change process. Foundations of Addictions Counseling, 3 e Capuzzi & Stauffer Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Stages of Change n n n Precontimplation Contemplation Preparation Action Maintenance Foundations of Addictions Counseling, 3 e Capuzzi & Stauffer Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Change and Resistance n n n Change: The act, process, or result of altering or modifying. Resistance: An interpersonal exchange whereby a client appears to be working against change while a counselor may seem to be arguing for change. Motivational interviewing encourages counselors to approach resistance with welcoming arms. Foundations of Addictions Counseling, 3 e Capuzzi & Stauffer Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Helping Clients Achieve Change n n Motivational interviewing is primarily used as a communication style that helps to facilitate change when clients are ambivalent about changing their behaviors. Clients whose counselors use MI are more likely to engage in change talk and commitment talk throughout therapeutic process, which is predictive of better treatment outcomes. Foundations of Addictions Counseling, 3 e Capuzzi & Stauffer Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Primary Principles n n Express Empathy Develop Discrepancy Roll with Resistance Support Self-Efficacy Foundations of Addictions Counseling, 3 e Capuzzi & Stauffer Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Techniques n n n Ask open ended questions Use reflective listening Provide affirmation Summarize Elicit change talk Foundations of Addictions Counseling, 3 e Capuzzi & Stauffer Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Role of Resistance n n n Dissonance Consonance Resistance n n Arguing Interrupting Negating Ignoring Foundations of Addictions Counseling, 3 e Capuzzi & Stauffer Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Reducing Resistance n Maximize change talk n n Examine the disadvantages and advantages Reduce resistance talk n n n Decrease client’s comfort with the status quo Refrain from advocacy talk Use reflection Shift focus Reframe Foundations of Addictions Counseling, 3 e Capuzzi & Stauffer Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Guiding the Change Process n Enhancing Confidence n n Confidence-boosting strategies may include reviewing past successes, examining personal strengths and supports, and/or creating hypothetical change. Strengthening Commitment n Strengthening commitment involves the counselor actively reiterating and highlighting what a client has accomplished since beginning the change process. Foundations of Addictions Counseling, 3 e Capuzzi & Stauffer Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Advantages of MI n n n Clients discover their own reasons for change. Impetus to change comes from the client. Empirically validated. Foundations of Addictions Counseling, 3 e Capuzzi & Stauffer Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Disadvantages of MI n n May not have the same effectiveness with severely mentally ill clients. Motivational interviewing may not be sufficient in reaching all of a client’s goals. Foundations of Addictions Counseling, 3 e Capuzzi & Stauffer Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Useful Web Sites n Motivational Interviewing Founder’s Site n n Motivational Interviewing with a Corrections Population/ Lesson Plans n n http: //www. motivationalinterview. org http: //www. nicic. org/Library/019791 Motivational Interviewing Guidelines n http: //www. bhrm. org/guidelines/motiveint. pdf Foundations of Addictions Counseling, 3 e Capuzzi & Stauffer Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved