Substance Use Addictions and Related Behaviours Grade 7

Substance Use, Addictions and Related Behaviours Grade 7

Overview of Unit Lesson 1 - Addictions and Review of Drugs Slides 1 - 32 Lesson 2 – Slides 32 -47 Lesson 3 – What is Mental Illness and Where do I get help? Slides 48 -63 Lesson 4 – Cost of drugs to society 67 -79 Lesson 5 – Body Image and Substance Abuse 80 - 85 Lesson 6 – Assignment 100 -86 Worksheets in word an alternate assignment with rubric

Why Should we Care about Drugs/Addictions

Addictions – What are they?

REVIEW • What are drugs. With your groups, brain storm for 2 min and compile a list of drugs both legal and non-legal. • Also in your groups brainstorm and come up with a definition on what is an addiction?

Video games and addictions

Drugs are addictive – but don’t take me word for it

Anti-smoking

You probably know someone who has been affected by drugs, directly or indirectly.

The most commonly used—and abused— drug in the US is alcohol. Alcohol-related motor accidents are the second leading cause of teen death in the United States.

The most commonly used illegal drug is Marijuana. According to the United Nations 2008 World Drug Report, about 3. 9% of the world’s population between the ages of 15 and 64 abuse marijuana.

Young people today are exposed earlier than ever to drugs. Based on a survey by the Centers for Disease Control in 2007, 45% of high school students nationwide drank alcohol and 19. 7% smoked pot during a one-month period.

You probably know someone who has been affected by drugs, directly or indirectly.

People take drugs because they want to change something about their lives.

Here are some of the reasons young people have given for taking drugs:

Here are some of the reasons young people have given for taking drugs: To fit in

Here are some of the reasons young people have given for taking drugs: To escape or relax

Here are some of the reasons young people have given for taking drugs: To relieve boredom

Here are some of the reasons young people have given for taking drugs: To seem grown up

Here are some of the reasons young people have given for taking drugs: To rebel

Here are some of the reasons young people have given for taking drugs: To experiment

They think drugs are a solution. But eventually, the drugs become the problem.

A small amount acts as a stimulant (speeds you up).

A greater amount acts as a sedative (slows you down).

An even larger amount poisons and can kill.

But many drugs have another liability: they directly affect the mind.

They can distort the user’s perception of what is happening around him or her.

As a result, the person’s actions may be odd, irrational, inappropriate and even destructive.

Drugs block off all sensations, the desirable ones with the unwanted.

So, while providing short-term help in the relief of pain, they also wipe out ability and alertness and muddy one’s thinking.

Someone who is sad might use drugs to get a feeling of happiness, but it does not work.

Drugs can lift a person into a fake kind of cheerfulness, but when the drug wears off, he or she crashes even lower than before.

And each time, the emotional plunge is lower and lower.

Eventually, drugs will completely destroy all the creativity a person has.

They think drugs are a solution.

But eventually, the drugs become the problem.

PSA on Heroin

Party All Night On Coke – PSA Anti drug

This is what happen when you do drugs

37% of 8 th grade females commit suicide.

The rate of teenage drug abuse.

Mar ijua na e n i am t e h p m a h t Me Ha lluc ub l C Alc oh ol ino Co ca in e ts lan a Inh He in o r ge n er St oid s

Ina rel bility ati on to h sh av ips e c los e Em ba rra ss Anxiet m y en t An n r G ge n Co io fus uilt De pre ss ion

Ways that prevents drug abuse s Ag gre Cu rsi He ng lp f . D ss ion or or e m o A. D Lack of Discipline Lack of Respect M o od S tee ns wi ng s Lack of Self-Control Bro H n ke n o i s res Dep ol ho c S n i g Failin Lack n o i t a v i t of Mo

10. 8 million underage drinkers are turning to their parent 1 in 6 teens who drink got their alcohol from a parent or guardian

This is what happens when you hallucinate

Teenage drug abuse effects everybody around you

The last slide relates to a web site in which is a research-based messaging campaign—which graphically portrays the ravages of Meth use through television, radio, billboards, and Internet ads—has gained nationwide attention for its uncompromising approach and demonstrated impact. The campaign's core message, "Not Even Once®, " speaks directly to the highly ADDICTIVE nature of Meth • http: //www. notevenonce. com/http: //www. notevenonce. com

What is Mental Illness? ? Mental illness refers to problems of the brain and mind that cause severe, and unusual changes or problems in: • feelings; • behaviours; • senses (e. g. hearing and seeing and sensations) • thoughts; • understanding of events; • ability to relate to other people.

We all have times when we feel depressed or sad, or more active and excited than usual, or have trouble concentrating, or talk out loud to ourselves, or get a thought in our minds and can’t get rid of it. Those things are normal in human beings. But when a person is mentally ill, these kinds of feelings and thoughts and behaviours are very much more extreme and unusual.

Examples of Mental Illnesses:

Depression: What is it? Depression is a mental health condition which affects a person's thinking, energy, feelings and behaviour. It can vary from mild to severe and can prove disabling in some cases, impacting on the individual's family and work life. It is possible to minimise the impact of depression by accessing information and support, and by finding ways to manage the condition

Anxiety disorders are a group of disorders which affect behaviour, thoughts, emotions and physical health. Research into their origins continues, but it is believed they are caused by a combination of biological factors and an individuals personal circumstances, much like other health problems, such as heart disease or diabetes. It is common for people to suffer from more than one anxiety disorder; and for an anxiety disorder to be accompanied by depression, eating disorders or substance abuse.

Depression Mood disorders affect about 10% of the population. Everyone experiences "highs" and "lows" in life, but people with mood disorders experience them with greater intensity and for longer periods of time than most people. Depression is the most common mood disorder; a person with depression feels "very low. " Symptoms may include: feelings of hopelessness, changes in eating patterns, disturbed sleep, constant tiredness, an inability to have fun, and thoughts of death or suicide. People with manic depression have periods of depression and periods of feeling unusually "high" or elated. The "highs" get out of hand, and the manic person can behave in a reckless manner, sometimes to the point of financial ruin or getting in trouble with the law.

Bipolar Disorder People with bipolar disorder, or manic depressive disorder, experience alternating mood swings, from emotional highs (mania) to lows (depression). The condition can range from mild to severe. It is not known what causes bipolar disorder. Research suggests that people with the condition have a genetic disposition. It tends to run in families. Drug abuse and stressful or traumatic events may contribute to or trigger episodes.

Anxiety Disorder Everyone feels anxious at times. Challenges such as workplace pressures, public speaking, highly demanding schedules or writing an exam can lead to a sense of worry, even fear. These sensations, however uncomfortable, are different from the ones associated with a anxiety disorder. People suffering from an anxiety disorder are subject to intense, prolonged feelings of fright and distress for no obvious reason. The condition turns their life into a continuous journey of unease and fear and can interfere with their relationships with family, friends and colleagues.

• Anxiety disorders are the most common of all mental health problems. It is estimated that they affect approximately 1 in 10 people. They are more prevalent among women than among men, and they affect children as well as adults. Anxiety disorders are illnesses. They can be diagnosed; they can be treated. • But all too often, they are mistaken for mental weakness or instability, and the resulting social stigma can discourage people with anxiety disorders from seeking help. • Understanding the facts about anxiety disorders is an important step. Realising that they are medical disorders which can be treated will help to remove the stigma, and encourage people with anxiety disorders to explore the treatments available.

Schizophrenia often starts slowly. When the symptoms first appear, usually in adolescence or early adulthood, they may seem more bewildering than serious. In the early stages, people with schizophrenia may find themselves losing the ability to relax, concentrate or sleep. They may start to shut long-time friends out of their lives. Work or school begins to suffer; so does their personal appearance. During this time, there may be one or more episodes where they talk in ways that may be difficult to understand and/or start having unusual perceptions

Substance misuse: the use of substances in ways that are illegal or not recommended medically. Substance abuse: involves the excessive use of substances despite the physical, mental, emotional or other harm this may cause to oneself or others.

Brainstorm In groups of 2 or 3, brainstorm ideas around this statement: “Problematic substance abuse and mental illness are often closely connected”

Substance Abuse and Mental Illness……Is There A Connection? ? ? Problematic substance abuse and mental illness MAY be closely connected. Many people suffer from both, but one does not necessarily cause the other. The causes may be different, or both may be caused by a common factor, which could be genetic, developmental or environmental. Mental illness may contribute to substance abuse: alcohol and drugs may be used to cope with a mental illness, and may make the symptoms worse. Many people who abuse drugs DO NOT have a mental illness and many people suffer from a mental illness and DO NOT use drugs.

Where do I get Help? Where do I go?

Where to Get Help in Cambridge, Kitchener, Waterloo? • http: //chd. region. waterloo. on. ca/web/health. nsf/4 f 4813 c 75 e 78 d 71385256 e 5 a 0057 f 5 e 1/2 b 80 edb 6 e 5 d 9836 e 8525752100743712!Open. Document

Ask for Help • Do not be afraid to ask for help from others. • When dealing with drug addiction, it is hard to do it alone. • Getting the help you need will enable you to keep pushing toward your goals.

Describe how to access different sources of support when dealing with issues connected to substance use or mental health.

Rehabilitation Centres http: //www. canadadrugrehab. ca/ON/Waterloo-Wellington. html

SOURCES OF SUPPORT Please get into groups of 3 to 4. 1. Using information from Waterloo Region Public Health, Canadian Drug Rehab slides, and your own knowledge, list 5 to 7 places, people, or organizations you could access for help and support related substance use and other addictions. 2. Complete the following chart ranking each source (you found in question 1) Level R – 4. Sources of Support Knowledge Granny (90 yrs. ) 2 (outdated) Availability Trust 4 4 (lives next door) (Alzheimer's) 3. Be prepared to share with the class. Confidentiality 1 (she’ll tell mom)

PERSONAL and SOCIAL Implications

PERSONAL and SOCIAL Implications Example: Underage drinking is a concern. Who can be harmed by underage drinking, and how? HEALTH • Slows down your heart rate, breathing rate, brain function, and ability to make decisions (acts as a depressant). (Brain Function Image) (Kids Health - Info) • Can damage major organs such as the brain, liver, heart, kidneys, sensory organs, and reproductive organs. (Long Term Effects of Alcohol - Simple) (Long Term Effects of Alcohol - Complex) • Can lead to addiction. FAMILY • Poor role-model for younger siblings. • Put stress on relationship with parents and siblings (i. e. , trust). http: //www. learn-about-alcoholism. com/effects-of-alcoholism. html • Risk of Fatal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) as a result of alcohol abuse during pregnancy.

PERSONAL and SOCIAL Implications Example (cont. ): Underage drinking is a concern. Who can be harmed by underage drinking, and how? SAFETY • Intoxication leads to risky behaviour and impaired judgment that can result in injury or death (e. g. , binge drinking, drunk driving). (Canadian Statistics on Alcohol) • Alcohol poisoning can be fatal. FRIENDS • Alcohol abuse is connected to violence in relationships. • Can lead to unplanned pregnancies. • Damage your reputation. • Loss of friends.

PERSONAL and SOCIAL Implications Example (cont. ): Underage drinking is a concern. Who can be harmed by underage drinking, and how? LEGAL • Cause personal injury or property damage. • Can lead to being, arrested, charged, and/or fined. • May commit crimes to ‘feed’ addiction (i. e. theft). EDUCATION • Influence ability to function in school and at a job. • Less involvement with teams and clubs. • A ‘record’ can impact future employment.

What is the truth?

PERSONAL and SOCIAL Implications Identify the personal and social implications for these situations related to substance use and addiction: • • • effect of technology dependence on school and workplace performance risks associated with smoking cigarettes risks associated with chewing tobacco effects of second-hand smoke on non-smokers and children body damage and reputation loss among athletes who use steroids and other performance-enhancing drugs risks associated with marijuana use risks associated with experimenting with ecstasy effects of gambling on the person and his/her family abuse of over-the-counter and prescription medications

Alcohol Reduces Brain Function

Long Term Effects - Simple

Long Term Effects - Complex

The Problem with Drugs • Some types of drug use are associated with criminal activity. • As drug use in a community increases, so does the occurrence of certain types of crimes, depending on the drug. • Most research on drugs and crime has been concerned with heroin and street crime such as burglary, larceny, and assault addicts commit to get money to buy more drugs. • Alcohol is associated with assault-type crimes committed with intent to harm the victim.

Cost of Drug Use • “Cost of illness” studies – Look at the negative consequences of alcohol and drug use for society by quantifying in dollars what society “pays” for its members incurring specific illnesses. • In 1995, it is estimated alcohol abuse cost the U. S. $166. 5 billion and drug abuse cost $109. 9 billion for a total of more than $276 billion ! • Costs of alcohol and drug abuse come from such sources as illness, death, medical expenses, and crime. Crime-related costs are especially significant for drug abuse (58% of the total).

• Alcohol is also correlated with homicides, property offenses, sexual offenses, and check fraud. • Use of hallucinogens and marijuana is not associated with crime or may even be a negative association. • Evidence is mixed for barbiturates and tranquilizers with some studies showing no relationship and others showing the same relationship for barbiturates and crime as for alcohol and crime. • What role does the pharmacological effects of these drugs have on their relationships with crime?

How much does Alcohol and Drug Use cost Canadians? • How much per each Canadian does it cost? What is your guess? • • 1 dollar per Canadian 4 dollars per Canadian 46 dollars per Canadian 100 dollars per Canadian 463 dollars per Canadian 1000 dollars per Canadian 4639 dollars per Canadian • The sobering fact is $ 463 per Canadian…. . that includes YOU and ME!

Save $1 Billion and 800 Lives: CAMH’s "Avoidable Costs of Alcohol Abuse in Canada 2002" Study released For Immediate Release – June 11, 2008 (TORONTO): • The economic burden of alcohol abuse costs each Canadian $463 per year. • In fact, the direct health care costs for alcohol abuse in Canada exceed those of cancer. Released today by the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), the Avoidable Cost of Alcohol Abuse in Canada 2002 report estimates that, even under very conservative assumptions, implementing six reviewed interventions would result in cost savings of about $1 billion per year and a savings of about 800 lives, close to 26, 000 years of life lost to premature death and more than 88, 000 acute care hospital days in Canada per year. • This pioneering study is Canada’s first systematic estimate of the avoidable costs of alcohol abuse, and the first study of its kind worldwide.

The Actual Article • http: //www. camh. net/News_events/News_releases_and_ media_advisories_and_backgrounders/Avoidable_costs _study. html

Vitamins • Organic substances that are required in small amounts for maintenance and growth, but which cannot be manufactured by the human body.

Diuretics Agents that promote the excretion of urine through their effects on kidney function.

Laxatives Agents that produce a soft formed stool, and relax and loosen the bowels, typically used over a protracted period, to relieve CONSTIPATION.

Diet Pills • Medication that controls or reduces appetite.

Anabolic Steroids Synthetic derivatives of the naturally occurring male anabolic hormone testosterone.

Introduction to Summative Assignment http: //www. hc-sc. gc. ca/hc-ps/drugs-drogues/youth-jeunes/tv-not 4 me 0 drogue-eng. php. Transcript of TV Ad - Not 4 Me (Youth Drug Prevention) - Health Canada

Not for me. Ca Drug Refusal http: //www. hc-sc. gc. ca/hc-ps/drugs-drogues/youth-jeunes/risks-risques/index-eng. php

How to say NO http: //www. hc-sc. gc. ca/hc-ps/drugs-drogues/youthjeunes/speak-exprime/index-eng. php#Facts. Content 2

Substance Use and Abuse Refusal/Assertiveness Strategies

Purpose: To use Strategies Required to Counter the Pressure to Use Drugs Ø Can be oral or video Ø Need a script with dialogue ØOne typed copy for each member in the group ØOne typed copy for your teacher

Purpose Continued Ø Length of presentation is 5 – 10 minutes (Grade 8) Ø Use props, family, friends etc. to assist with your project (i. e. your mom holds the video camera or an extra in your movie)

Requirements: 1) Display 7 refusal and assertiveness techniques covered in class (minimum level 3). ie. Using the walkway strategy (1) Using the broken record (2)

Requirements continued: 2) Outline the possible negative consequences of substance use and abuse. (social costs, emotional costs) 3) Identify the resources available in preventing and treating substance abuse and addictions 4) To describe causes and symptoms of stress and positive ways to relieve stress.

Additional Requirements Ø Include a props list – hat, flour, syringe etc. Ø Include a slogan- Eg. “Drugs are for Thugs”, “Drug Free is the way to be” or “Get High on Life, not on Drugs” Ø Due Date: April 6 th

Assertiveness Ø Learning to communicate positively is an important part of getting along with others. “I” messages help when there is a need to communicate feelings about an issue or situation.

Assertiveness Involves: Ø Standing up for your rights and beliefs in a honest and direct way. Ø Respecting other people’s feelings and opinions even if you don’t agree with them. Ø Using assertive words such as “I” statements (e. g. , “I believe”) and cooperative words (e. g. , “How can we work this out? ”, “What do you think? ”).

The Following Strategies Are Tools to Assist Students to Be Assertive: Ø Change the subject. Talk about something unrelated to what they are being pressured to do (e. g. , “I really like your jacket. Where did you get it? ”)

More Strategies: ØGive alternatives. Suggest that they do something else (e. g. , “Let’s play soccer instead. ”)

More Strategies: Ø Turn the tables. Reverse the situation so that they are not the one under pressure (e. g. , “Why are you bugging me? ”).

More Strategies: ØGive reasons, Give an excuse (e. g. , “No thanks, I’m training for hockey. ”).

More Strategies: Ø Use humour (e. g. , “Know why dinosaurs became extinct? They smoked. ”).

More Strategies: Ø Use the broken record technique. Stick to an answer and keep repeating it (e. g. , “No thanks, no thanks!”)

More Strategies: Ø Leave. Walk away. Go somewhere else. Talk to other friends (e. g. , “Sorry, I’m late. I have to go. ”).