Figurative Language Figurative language refers to any language

Figurative Language • Figurative language refers to any language that helps to create mental images or language that makes different kinds of comparisons. • Figurative language implies a meaning other than the literal meaning. When I heard the news, I saw red!

Simile • A simile is a description that compares two unlike things, using the words like or as. The sea was smooth as glass. like the That day, her smile was rainbow after the rain.

Metaphor • A metaphor compares two unlike things without using the words like or as. My face was a tomato. I couldn’t believe I had fallen in front of the whole school. The clouds were fluffy cotton balls floating through the sky.

Hyperbole A hyperbole is an extreme, obvious exaggeration Her hair was as tall as a skyscraper. It must have taken a gallon of hairspray to fix it. “Yes, I know. You’ve said that a thousand times already. ”

Personification- giving human qualities to non-human things. The trees bent to their knees during the wind storm. The sun greeted the young woman as it peeked in her window.

Oxymoron An oxymoron is a figure of speech that uses opposite or contradicting words. • I ate so many jumbo shrimp, I had a belly ache. • I know almost exactly how much it will cost me. • I need an exact estimate of the cost.

More Oxymoron Examples • I can get lost in virtual reality for hours. • I was all alone in a crowd of people. • That was awfully nice of you to say.

Alliteration • The repetition of a consonant sound at the beginning of consecutive words. • These are usually fun to say, which is one reason authors use them. Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers; if Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers, how many peppers did Peter Piper pick? Sally selected her song on the jukebox.

Ontomatopoeia A word that sounds like the noise it makes • Let’s make a list of examples together!

Which Literary Device is Present? • • • Simile Metaphor Hyperbole Personification Oxymoron Alliteration 1. He was a beast on the field.

Which Literary Device is Present? • • • Simile Metaphor Hyperbole Personification Oxymoron Alliteration 2. I was so embarrassed I could have died.

Which Literary Device is Present? • • • Simile Metaphor Hyperbole Personification Oxymoron Alliteration 3. Her smile was like a rainbow on a cloudy day.

Which Literary Device is Present? • • • Simile Metaphor Hyperbole Personification Oxymoron Alliteration 4. I wanted to get crab legs, but my mom insisted on jumbo shrimp.

Which Literary Device is Present? • • • Simile Metaphor Hyperbole Personification Oxymoron Alliteration 5. Once in a blue moon, Ms. Sobotka and Ms. Leach show movies in class.

Which Literary Device is Present? • • • Simile Metaphor Hyperbole Personification Oxymoron Alliteration 6. As he bit into his sandwich, the spicy mustard smacked Larry right in the face.

Which Literary Device is Present? • • • Simile Metaphor Hyperbole Personification Oxymoron Alliteration 7. The women worked washing waste away.

Which Literary Device is Present? • • • Simile Metaphor Hyperbole Personification Oxymoron Alliteration 8. My computer gave a final wail, then it crashed.

Which Literary Device is Present? • • • Simile Metaphor Hyperbole Personification Oxymoron Alliteration 9. My brother is a garbage disposal; he eats everything.

Which Literary Device is Present? • • • Simile Metaphor Hyperbole Personification Oxymoron Alliteration 10. Their love is as deep as the ocean.

Which Literary Device is Present? • • • Simile 11. Mr. Jones doesn’t Metaphor mind organized chaos Hyperbole in his classroom. Personification Oxymoron Alliteration

Which Literary Device is Present? • • • Simile 12. My feet whined Metaphor and cried until I took Hyperbole Personification my high heels off. Oxymoron Alliteration

Literary Terms Review: Part 1: • Simile- Her smile was like a rainbow on a cloudy day. • Metaphor- He was a beast on the field. • Hyperbole- I was so embarrassed I could have died. • Personification- My computer gave a final wail, then it crashed. • Oxymoron- jumbo shrimp • Alliteration- The women worked washing waste away.

More Examples of Figurative Language: • Connotation/ Denotation • Allusion • Symbolism • Irony • Sarcasm • Cliché

Connotation vs. Denotation • The denotation of a word is the literal meaning of the word that can be found in the dictionary. • The connotation of a word is a meaning suggested by the context of the sentence or paragraph that is different from its dictionary definition. It is often attached to emotional or cultural understandings.

Connotation vs. Denotation • Words can often have the same dictionary meaning. However, the meaning suggested by the use of one word may have a positive connotation and the other a negative connotation. • Sometimes, even the same word used in two different sentences could have a different connotation.

Connotation vs. Denotation Examples • Examples: The words home, house, residence and dwelling all have the same denotation, but the connotation of each word is very different. • Denotation: Where a person lives at any given time. • Connotation: Home: cozy, loving, comfortable House: the actual building or structure Residence: cold, no feeling Dwelling: primitive or basic surroundings

Connotation vs. Denotation Examples • Thin and Skinny have the same denotation, or dictionary meaning. However, the connotations can be very different depending on the sentence. • The thin model walked down the runway with poise and style. • The skinny girl waited patiently to be chosen for a team.

Connotation vs. Denotation Examples • • • Which word in each pair below has a positive connotation to you? Plain / natural Chef / cook Slender / skinny Smile / smirk Clever / Sly

Allusion • An allusion is a reference made to another story, song, play, movie, etc. that is not directly mentioned. • The reader might notice or understand an allusion in a piece of writing or a song if they are not familiar with the story, song, movie, etc. being referenced.

Allusion- Examples • You’re standing here all set to crucify- all set to find a scapegoat. – What story is this allusion referencing? • You would have thought she was the wicked step-mother had you seen the way she treated her little boy. – What story is this allusion referencing?

Allusion- Examples • Yes, the phone is ring-ing… Can you please pick it up? I don’t have all day. – What song does this allusion reference? • Yes, he broke up with me. But, trust me, I’ll find my Romeo one day. It will just take me some time. – What story does this allusion reference?

Symbolism • A symbol is a person, place, action, object, or idea that stands for something beyond itself. • Examples: – The man kissed the cross on his chain before heading into the pit of snakes. – The song I Hope You Dance by Lee Ann Womack is full of symbolism. The song isn't really about dancing at all. . . dancing is a symbol for getting the most out of life.

Irony • Irony- the difference between what you expect to happen and what actually does happen • Examples: – The Titanic was promoted as being 100% unsinkable; but, in 1912 the ship sank on its maiden voyage. – In Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare Romeo finds Juliet in a drugged state and he thinks she is dead. He kills himself. When Juliet wakes up she finds Romeo dead and kills herself. – A man who is a traffic cop gets his license suspended for unpaid parking tickets.

Sarcasm • Sarcasm- a sharply ironical taunt; sneering or cutting remark: a review full of sarcasms. • Examples: – After walking into the classroom of misbehaving students, the teacher thanks them for their respect and excellent behavior while she was out of the room. – You are not the brightest star in the sky now, are you? – Yes, that’s a great example of exactly what not to do in the future. – I’m not naming any names, but people like Timmy should really think before they speak.

Cliché • Cliché- an overused word or expression that is predictable • Examples: – It happened just in the nick of time. – All is fair in love and war. – I had the time of my life last night. He really annoyed me at first, but I guess it’s true, opposites attract. – Chances are you won’t like everything about a person because every rose has its thorn. – You need to remember that what goes around comes around.

Resources: Kemper, Dave , Verne Meyer, and Patrick Sebranek. Write Source: A Book for Writing, Thinking, and Learning. Wilmington, MA: Houghton Mifflin, 2006. Mc. Carthy, Tara. Spotlight on Literary Elements: Teacher’s Guide. New York: Scholastic, 2004. "Examples of Irony. " Examples of Irony. N. p. , n. d. Web. 05 Nov. 2012. <http: //examples. yourdictionary. com/examples -of-irony. html>.

Idiom • Idioms use words or phrases in a way that is different from its usual or “dictionary” meaning. • An idiom is a phrase that should not be taken for its literal meaning. • Examples: – Would you please stop channel surfing? – Can you lend me a hand with this ladder? – The little girl was the apple of her daddy’s eye.

Onomatopoeia • Onomatopoeia- when a word is used to suggest a sound that would normally be heard • Examples: – The bzzzzz of the bee was driving me crazy. – Crash! As the two cars collided, pieces of twisted metal filled the street.

Imagery • Imagery- sensory details that help the reader hear, smell, see, taste, or feel what is being described • Example: • When she screeched her fingers across the blackboard, our cat jumped into the air and chills ran up my spine.