FALLACY NOTES Argument is made up into 3
![FALLACY NOTES FALLACY NOTES](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/061ec4a23b852d90ad0f286c69ece2cf/image-1.jpg)
![Argument is made up into 3 different parts… And you already know the first Argument is made up into 3 different parts… And you already know the first](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/061ec4a23b852d90ad0f286c69ece2cf/image-2.jpg)
![What’s a fallacy? • A fallacy is an error in reasoning • Fallacies in What’s a fallacy? • A fallacy is an error in reasoning • Fallacies in](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/061ec4a23b852d90ad0f286c69ece2cf/image-3.jpg)
![Faulty Ethos • What is ethos? • The author’s credibility! Two types: 1. 2. Faulty Ethos • What is ethos? • The author’s credibility! Two types: 1. 2.](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/061ec4a23b852d90ad0f286c69ece2cf/image-4.jpg)
![Poisoning the Well (Name Calling) • An attack on the person, not the issue Poisoning the Well (Name Calling) • An attack on the person, not the issue](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/061ec4a23b852d90ad0f286c69ece2cf/image-5.jpg)
![False Credibility • The author/speaker may be an authority in one field, but might False Credibility • The author/speaker may be an authority in one field, but might](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/061ec4a23b852d90ad0f286c69ece2cf/image-6.jpg)
![Faulty Pathos • What’s pathos? • Emotions of the audience! Two types: 1. Appeal Faulty Pathos • What’s pathos? • Emotions of the audience! Two types: 1. Appeal](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/061ec4a23b852d90ad0f286c69ece2cf/image-7.jpg)
![Appeal to Pity (ad misericordiam) • Making the audience agree with the message by Appeal to Pity (ad misericordiam) • Making the audience agree with the message by](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/061ec4a23b852d90ad0f286c69ece2cf/image-8.jpg)
![Bandwagon • Claiming that the idea is good because it is possible • People Bandwagon • Claiming that the idea is good because it is possible • People](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/061ec4a23b852d90ad0f286c69ece2cf/image-9.jpg)
![Faulty Logos • What’s Logos? • Logic! 5 types 1. Sweeping generalization (dicto simpliciter) Faulty Logos • What’s Logos? • Logic! 5 types 1. Sweeping generalization (dicto simpliciter)](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/061ec4a23b852d90ad0f286c69ece2cf/image-10.jpg)
![Sweeping Generalization (Dicto Simpliciter) • The author describes a situation in a manner that Sweeping Generalization (Dicto Simpliciter) • The author describes a situation in a manner that](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/061ec4a23b852d90ad0f286c69ece2cf/image-11.jpg)
![Hasty Generalization • An assumption is made based on too little evidence • Example: Hasty Generalization • An assumption is made based on too little evidence • Example:](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/061ec4a23b852d90ad0f286c69ece2cf/image-12.jpg)
![Sweeping vs. Hasty Generalization • Sweeping Generalization=Everyone One • All of this applies to Sweeping vs. Hasty Generalization • Sweeping Generalization=Everyone One • All of this applies to](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/061ec4a23b852d90ad0f286c69ece2cf/image-13.jpg)
![Oversimplification • The author describes a complex situation as being much simpler than what Oversimplification • The author describes a complex situation as being much simpler than what](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/061ec4a23b852d90ad0f286c69ece2cf/image-14.jpg)
![Slippery Slope (also a type of Post Hoc) • The author argues should one Slippery Slope (also a type of Post Hoc) • The author argues should one](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/061ec4a23b852d90ad0f286c69ece2cf/image-15.jpg)
![False Analogy • The author incorrectly makes an analogical (comparison) connection between two unconnected False Analogy • The author incorrectly makes an analogical (comparison) connection between two unconnected](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/061ec4a23b852d90ad0f286c69ece2cf/image-16.jpg)
- Slides: 16
![FALLACY NOTES FALLACY NOTES](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/061ec4a23b852d90ad0f286c69ece2cf/image-1.jpg)
FALLACY NOTES
![Argument is made up into 3 different parts And you already know the first Argument is made up into 3 different parts… And you already know the first](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/061ec4a23b852d90ad0f286c69ece2cf/image-2.jpg)
Argument is made up into 3 different parts… And you already know the first two! üArgumentative Techniques • Ethos, Pathos, Logos üStylistic Devices • Anaphora, imagery alliteration, symbolism, etc. q. Fallacies • Everything today!
![Whats a fallacy A fallacy is an error in reasoning Fallacies in What’s a fallacy? • A fallacy is an error in reasoning • Fallacies in](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/061ec4a23b852d90ad0f286c69ece2cf/image-3.jpg)
What’s a fallacy? • A fallacy is an error in reasoning • Fallacies in an argument can make it totally invalid • But, if the audience doesn’t realize a fallacy is used, they might just believe whatever the writer/speaker asks them to! • Fallacies can be found in each part of the triangle (ethos, pathos, logos)
![Faulty Ethos What is ethos The authors credibility Two types 1 2 Faulty Ethos • What is ethos? • The author’s credibility! Two types: 1. 2.](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/061ec4a23b852d90ad0f286c69ece2cf/image-4.jpg)
Faulty Ethos • What is ethos? • The author’s credibility! Two types: 1. 2. Poisoning the Well (name calling) False Credibility
![Poisoning the Well Name Calling An attack on the person not the issue Poisoning the Well (Name Calling) • An attack on the person, not the issue](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/061ec4a23b852d90ad0f286c69ece2cf/image-5.jpg)
Poisoning the Well (Name Calling) • An attack on the person, not the issue • How is President Clinton supposed to help the US economy? He cheated on his wife! • The president and his economic policies have nothing to do with his wife.
![False Credibility The authorspeaker may be an authority in one field but might False Credibility • The author/speaker may be an authority in one field, but might](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/061ec4a23b852d90ad0f286c69ece2cf/image-6.jpg)
False Credibility • The author/speaker may be an authority in one field, but might know nothing about another • Example: An actor could be great at acting, but not know anything about being a doctor…or the science behind body odor…
![Faulty Pathos Whats pathos Emotions of the audience Two types 1 Appeal Faulty Pathos • What’s pathos? • Emotions of the audience! Two types: 1. Appeal](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/061ec4a23b852d90ad0f286c69ece2cf/image-7.jpg)
Faulty Pathos • What’s pathos? • Emotions of the audience! Two types: 1. Appeal to pity (ad misericordiam) 2. Bandwagon
![Appeal to Pity ad misericordiam Making the audience agree with the message by Appeal to Pity (ad misericordiam) • Making the audience agree with the message by](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/061ec4a23b852d90ad0f286c69ece2cf/image-8.jpg)
Appeal to Pity (ad misericordiam) • Making the audience agree with the message by making them feel sorry for the writer/speaker • Example: I know that the project that is worth 20% of my grade is due today, but I would really like an extension. I don’t have it because my goldfish was sick, I didn’t wear pink on Wednesday so I couldn’t eat lunch with my friends, I can’t get the “Let it Go” song out of my head and I think my parents love my brother more than they love me. Can I turn it in tomorrow?
![Bandwagon Claiming that the idea is good because it is possible People Bandwagon • Claiming that the idea is good because it is possible • People](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/061ec4a23b852d90ad0f286c69ece2cf/image-9.jpg)
Bandwagon • Claiming that the idea is good because it is possible • People don’t want to feel left out, so they’ll join in • (Everybody else is doing it!)
![Faulty Logos Whats Logos Logic 5 types 1 Sweeping generalization dicto simpliciter Faulty Logos • What’s Logos? • Logic! 5 types 1. Sweeping generalization (dicto simpliciter)](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/061ec4a23b852d90ad0f286c69ece2cf/image-10.jpg)
Faulty Logos • What’s Logos? • Logic! 5 types 1. Sweeping generalization (dicto simpliciter) 2. Hasty Generalization 3. Oversimplification 4. Slippery Slope 5. False Analogy
![Sweeping Generalization Dicto Simpliciter The author describes a situation in a manner that Sweeping Generalization (Dicto Simpliciter) • The author describes a situation in a manner that](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/061ec4a23b852d90ad0f286c69ece2cf/image-11.jpg)
Sweeping Generalization (Dicto Simpliciter) • The author describes a situation in a manner that is too broad • Everyone failed the test! • Look for words like all, everyone, every time, anything, no one, and none Everyone who lives in Oregon is a hipster Oil, Oil.
![Hasty Generalization An assumption is made based on too little evidence Example Hasty Generalization • An assumption is made based on too little evidence • Example:](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/061ec4a23b852d90ad0f286c69ece2cf/image-12.jpg)
Hasty Generalization • An assumption is made based on too little evidence • Example: • Alex Rodriguez used steroids during his baseball career…so that means, all baseball players must use steroids.
![Sweeping vs Hasty Generalization Sweeping GeneralizationEveryone One All of this applies to Sweeping vs. Hasty Generalization • Sweeping Generalization=Everyone One • All of this applies to](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/061ec4a23b852d90ad0f286c69ece2cf/image-13.jpg)
Sweeping vs. Hasty Generalization • Sweeping Generalization=Everyone One • All of this applies to one person • Hasty Generalization=One Everyone • One person made everyone like this
![Oversimplification The author describes a complex situation as being much simpler than what Oversimplification • The author describes a complex situation as being much simpler than what](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/061ec4a23b852d90ad0f286c69ece2cf/image-14.jpg)
Oversimplification • The author describes a complex situation as being much simpler than what it is • Could be combined with another fallacy • Example: World hunger can be solved by giving everyone food.
![Slippery Slope also a type of Post Hoc The author argues should one Slippery Slope (also a type of Post Hoc) • The author argues should one](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/061ec4a23b852d90ad0f286c69ece2cf/image-15.jpg)
Slippery Slope (also a type of Post Hoc) • The author argues should one event occurs, so will lots of other events. • There is no proof that the harmful events are caused by the first event • Direct TV: • http: //www. bing. com/videos/search? q=direct%20 tv%20 commercial&qs=n&form=QBVR&pq =direct%20 tv%20 commercial&sc=8 -20&sp=1&sk=#view=detail&mid=3 CCE 0 F 46 DA 327 AF 5 AB 75
![False Analogy The author incorrectly makes an analogical comparison connection between two unconnected False Analogy • The author incorrectly makes an analogical (comparison) connection between two unconnected](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/061ec4a23b852d90ad0f286c69ece2cf/image-16.jpg)
False Analogy • The author incorrectly makes an analogical (comparison) connection between two unconnected items • I think you should give me credit for this class because Joe comes to class only three days out of the week and I’m here everyday. • You passed everyone else in the class so I should receive credit like my fellow classmates.
Missing the point
Induction examples
Ontological vs teleological
Facteur g
Passive and active form
Gambler's fallacy
Conjunction fallacy psychology
Contradiction truth table
Prosecutor’s fallacy
Weasel words fallacy examples
Example of cognitive dissonance
Straw man example
Naturalistic fallacy
Inverse error discrete math
Red herring examples in politics
Slippery slope fallacy definition
Loaded question