Analysis of Speeches Argument 1 Argument 2 Argument

Analysis of Speeches

• Argument 1: • Argument 2: • Argument 3:

Types of Appeals - Sketch a symbol to represent each of these types of persuasive appeals. Logos (Logical): This type of appeal uses inductive or deductive reasoning by citing statistics, facts, experts, and evidence. When using this type of argument, you offer your audience examples that are similar to this subject and convince them to draw the conclusion you want. What did you use in the scenario for Argument 3? Ethos (Ethical): This type of argument requires that you establish yourself as trustworthy and respectful of the audience. You do this by demonstrating that you have taken the time to research your topic, which establishes your credibility on the subject. What did you use in the scenario for Argument 1? Pathos (Emotional): This is when you appeal to the emotions of your audience by describing in detail the emotional effect of a particular situation. You should try to arouse a sense of pity, anger, fear, or other emotion in your audience. What did you use in the scenario for Argument 2?

he loved and honored Caesar, but loved Rome more, and killed Caesar rather than let every Roman become a slave. • His argument rests on two points: 1. that Caesar was ambitious, 2. that he would have made slaves of all Romans. He speaks as though these are facts…. Although in reality, the conspirators didn’t really know this to be true when they killed Caesar This is interesting – because the conspirators killed Caesar allegedly because he wanted to be king… and yet a plebeian suggests they want a king

How did Brutus use language to move the masses? Rhetorical Argument Pathos Line (Example) “Not that I loved Caesar less, but that I loved Rome more” (line 22 -23) “Believe me for mine honor” (line 14 -15) Ethos Logos “Had you rather Caesar were living and die all slaves? ” (line 23 -24) Positioning the audience? (Elaborate) When Brutus says this, it makes the audience feel patriotism and that Brutus puts his loyalty for his country above his friendship. By saying this, Brutus is saying that the people should listen to him and believe him because of his reputation as an honorable person Brutus says this to give proof to the audience that he was right to kill Caesar. If Caesar had lived, he would have enslaved every Roman citizen by taking over power and becoming a dictator

How are these used to persuade the audience using either appeals to logos, ethos or pathos? 1) Antithesis 2) Parallelism

3) Rhetorical Question Who is here If any, speak for him have I offended Can you name the rhetorical device in this section of Brutus’ speech? Anaphora: the same groups of words “who is here” and “if any speak, for him I have offended” are repeated at the beginnings of successive clauses.

continues to laud Brutus. It's incredibly foolish of Brutus to leave now—he's seen how easily the people's minds can be changed.

conspirators who claimed Caesar was ambitious are all honourable men. Caesar acting in non-ambitious ways. (Ambiguity in his thoughts / feelings / attitude towards Caesar’s death) • Antony pauses to weep crowd begins to say that Caesar was murdered unjustly. This is actually the opposite of what he plans to do. This creates irony (the literal meaning is opposite to the speaker’s intended meaning) because his examples show the conspirators to be the opposite of honourable. Dramatic ploy to win over the crowd – an emotive, persuasive technique (pathos) to sway the people to feel sympathy for what Caesar: Antony looks good! The conspirators look bad!

What main appeals has Antony made so far?

A riot is exactly what Antony does want to incite Antony skillfully makes out that he accidentally mentions Caesar’s will – he downplays his ability to speak – he’s quite cunning here.

This is another dramatic ploy or tactic… which is successful! The crowd are whipped into a frenzy and want to kill the conspirators! Again, Antony plays the innocent role – he makes out he’s against violence. He downplays his skill at speaking again – compares himself to Brutus (Caesar’s murderer) … thus persuading the crowd more to agree with him.

Caesar’s will proves that he actually did love Rome, contrary to the conspirators’ claims.

How did Mark Antony use language to move the masses? Rhetorical Argument Logos Line (Example) 1. “He hath brought many captives home to Rome Whose ransoms did the general coffers fill” (line 94 -95). 2. “When that the poor have cried, Caesar hath wept: Ambition should be made of sterner stuff” (line 96 -97) 3. “I thrice presented him a kingly crown, Which he did thrice refuse: was this ambition? ” (line 102 -103) 4. “'Tis good you know not that you are his heirs” (line 152) Positioning the audience? (Elaborate) Brutus said Caesar was ambitious and that was why he had to die. In his speech Antony gives several logical arguments and proof that Caesar was not ambitious. 1. Caesar was a war hero who brought back captives for ransom that benefitted Rome 2. Caesar cried for the poor (also Pathos) 3. Caesar refused the crown 3 times 4. Caesar wrote a will that left money and land to the common people of Rome These actions proved that Caesar was not ambitious and also that the conspirators were not noble in killing him

How did Mark Antony use language to move the masses? Rhetorical Argument Line (Example) Positioning the audience? (Elaborate) “Friends, Romans and countrymen…” (line 79) By starting his speech this way, he shows that he is “one of them” (common person) “And Brutus is an honourable man” (line 93). The constant referral/repetition of Brutus as an “honorable man” is used to challenge his character Ethos

How did Mark Antony use language to move the masses? Rhetorical Argument Pathos Line (Example) Positioning the audience? (Elaborate) 1. “He was my friend, faithful and just to 1. Caesar was my friend, faithful and just to me” (line 91) me. This makes the audience feel 2. … Moreover, he hath left you all his sympathy for Antony walks, His private arbours and new 2. 2. By reading Caesar’s will to the people planted orchards, On this side Tiber; he saying that Caesar has given money and hath left them you, And to your heirs for land to every person, Antony makes the ever, common pleasures, audience feel guilty To walk abroad, and recreate yourselves. 3. When Antony shows the people Caesar’s Here was a Caesar! when comes such wounds (stab marks) and says “this another? ” (line 247 -259) wound was made by Casca, this one by 3. “Our Caesar's vesture wounded? Look Brutus, etc. ) he makes the audience feel you here, pity for Ceasar and anger towards the Here is himself, marr'd, as you see, with conspirators traitors” (line 202 -203)