Ethics group Ulla Luhtasela Aung Zaw Naing Lin

Ethics group Ulla Luhtasela Aung Zaw Naing Lin Sk. Akhtar Ahmad Varaporn Podprasart Julaporn Srinha Gunawan Pratama Yoga Matiar Rahman

Outline of the presentation. 1 Prevention of AIDS. 2 Support for HIV-infected people

Prevention of AIDS • • Education The role of law The role of religion Need for animal and human experiments

Prevention is difficult • Lack of knowledge • Change of human behavior • Education is one of the most important tools for the fight against HIV spread

Education • Necessary component in AIDS prevention • Education + practical tools <= powerful motivator • Makes people realize that they are at risk

Developing countries • Limited resources • Should be targeted to high risk groups (quick response ( education of young people ) slow response( • Effective country-driven prevention plans

Prevention plan for CSW • Victims • Use of condoms depends on many factors • Health care • Condoms available • Reach out projects • Education in proper languages • Options available

Big question is • Should we legalize prostitution? ? ? • Yes? - exists anyway - makes prevention easier • No? - promotes prostitution

Prevention plan for youth • Young people are specially vulnerable • Difficulties to talk about issue • Education in schools -reach almost everyone -start at young age • Education by peer-educators -model of Malaysia

The Role of Law • Compulsory reporting of HIV and AIDS • Mandatory testing for AIDS • Penal sanctions for knowingly spreading HIV • Disclosure of HIV-positive status

THAILAND 1985 - 1991 • “The diseases requiring notification” – Examination compulsory – Termination of action – Ordered to quit job – Report in 24 h – Violation: fines and imprisonment THAILAND 1991 - – Voluntary testing and reporting – No notification needed

The role of religion • • • Very powerful tool Religious leaders Social pressure Don’t accept homosexuals pre-marital sex multiple sex partners Negative: Prohibit condom use

Animal testing Scientist Agree Animal experiments • New knowledge and techniques • production & testing for vaccines and medicine • understand disease processes • toxicity, carcinogenicity and teratogenicity Ethical problems: • Animals are living and feeling Animal rights? • Morally wrong to cause pain • Data don’t always correlate with humans

Alternative choices (1 Refine: more comfortable life and less pain (2 Replace: change animals or way of using them genetic engineering computer models (3 Reduce: lowering the need or number

Human testing • Benefit: Maximize the benefit, Minimize the risk • Justice: Benefit > Risk • Respect: Must be volunteer based and treated with respect

• AND THE STORY CONTINUES BY VARAPORN. . .