Development Theories Unit 9 Rostows Development Model Wallersteins

Development Theories Unit 9

Rostow’s Development Model

Wallerstein’s World System Theory • "World-system" refers to the inter-regional and transnational division of labor, which divides the world into core countries, semi-periphery countries, and the periphery countries. • Core countries focus on higher skill, capital-intensive production, and the rest of the world focuses on low-skill, labor-intensive production and extraction of raw materials. • This constantly reinforces the dominance of the core countries. • For a time, certain countries become the world hegemon; this status has passed from the United Kingdom and (most recently) to the United States of America. [4]

Mackinder Heartland Theory What Mackinder called in 1904 the "pivot area", he subsequently called the "heartland" by 1919. The "heart" of Mackinder's theory is contained in a famous and succinct dictum: – Who rules Eastern Europe commands the Heartland; – Who rules the Heartland commands the World. Island' – Who rules the World-Island commands the World

Spykman’s Rimland Theory In 1942, Nicholas Spykman proposed a theory which countered Mackinder's Heartland Theory. Spykman stated that Eurasia's Rimland, the coastal areas or buffer zone, is the key to controlling the World Island, not the heartland. – Who controls the rimland rules Eurasia. – Who rules Eurasia controls the destinies of the world.