DEVELOPMENT OF FEUDALISM 2010 2011 Charlemagnes Rise to

DEVELOPMENT OF FEUDALISM 2010 -2011

Charlemagne's Rise to Power Thought Questions: 1. Why do you think the Pope is crowning Charlemagne? 2. What does this picture tell you about Charlemagne’s Empire?

But first! Clovis! Franks- Germanic ppl living in Gaul select Clovis converts to Christianity- makes friends w/ Pope and Roman Christians living in Gaul

768 Charles the Great, AKA Charlemagne 2 goals unite Europe through conquests convert everyone to Christianity Successful- double size of Kingdom, more powerful than anyone since Roman Empire

Charlemagne asked to Rome to crush a rebellion. Crowned by Pope Leo III. “Emperor of the Romans” Angers Byzantine

How Charlemagne kept control Ppl taught to obey him in church Empire divided into self-sufficient manors Use counts to watch empire Counts jobs: Maintain small army loyal to emperor 2. Collect taxes 3. Settle disputes 1. q Minstrels sang song glorifying emperor (control of media!)

Charlemagne’s Legacy Opened school to train kids of royal officials Grammar, logic and mathematics Died in 813, empire divided into weak thirds(eventual Epic Fail) but known for: extending Christianity to northern Europe blending German, Roman & Christian traditions strong & efficient gov’t

Viking Raids! Thought Questions: 3. What do you see in this picture? 4. Who are the men on shore? 5. Where have they come from? 6. Why do you think they have landed here?

Viking Raids Who were the Vikings? Traders & explorers from Scandinavia who became pirates Education unimportant, culture centered on war, pagan polytheistic ppl Where did they raid and why? England & Frankish manors & monasteries to obtain money and goods Explored east coast of N. A- Vinland aka New Foundland What was their impact on Europe? After Charlemagne died Vikings divided & weakened empire Europeans gave up land rather than fight, stayed on manors for protection

Reading Packet time! Read abt development of Feudalism Answer the Look For and the Reading Check questions

Medieval Castles Thought Questions: 7. What are some of the differences between the 2 castles? 8. What are some similarities?

Motte- (sounds like caught) castle built on mound of dirt to elevate for protection Keep- stronghold built on top of motte Bailey- enclosure containing kitchen, stables, workshops, residences for peasants & chapel Drawbridge- connects motte & bailey, raised to prevent attack. Ditch- water around motte and bailey

Changes to motte & bailey castles Stone walls Ventilation slits no windows Sanitation shaft- waste goes down, “fresh” water comes up Keep- residence and fortress, usually form of towers w/ several stories 1 st story- servants, pages, squires 2 nd & 3 rd- Lord’s residence, great hall for meals, Parapet- low wall, had arrow slits Portcullises- iron gate across entrances

Thought Questions: 9. Why do you think some ppl are working & some are not? 10. Who do you think lives in the castle? Who lives in the cottages? 11. What does this tell you about life on a manor?

Life on a Manor Feudalism- system of life, services exchanged for land. Justified by idea that God intended some ppl to be superior to others. Monarch- shared top w/ Clergy. Weaker after Charlemagne yet still top. Lords & Nobles- ruled own land. Hunted, battled, supervised. Wives had babies & kept house. Divided land into fiefs to give in return for service.

Knights or Vassals- began training at 7, Chivalryobey lord, respect noblewomen, aid those in trouble, fight fair & honest. Vassal enters agreement w/ lord- land (fief) for loyalty Peasants- base of feudal society Majority serfs- bound to the land, can’t marry w/o permission, can’t own land Can’t get evicted or forced to serve in military Freemen- paid for use of land, able to leave

William the Conqueror

King John and the Magna Carta