Copyright Notice This Power Point slide set is

Copyright Notice! This Power. Point slide set is copyrighted by Ross Koning and is thereby preserved for all to use from plantphys. info for as long as that website is available. Images lacking photo credits are mine and, as long as you are engaged in non-profit educational missions, you have my permission to use my images and slides in your teaching. However, please notice that some of the images in these slides have an associated URL photo credit to provide you with the location of their original source within internet cyberspace. Those images may have separate copyright protection. If you are seeking permission for use of those images, you need to consult the original sources for such permission; they are NOT mine to give you permission.

Architeuthis Giant squid Mesonychoteuthis hamiltoni Colossal squid http: //www. theage. com. au/ffximage/2007/02/22/squid_narrowweb__300 x 363, 0. jpg http: //www. mnh. si. edu/natural_partners/squid 4/Dispatch. Images/20 Feb 1999/gills_inside_mantle_cavity_labeled. jpg Evaginated gills surrounded by water bearing oxygen

Perca flavescens http: //www. tnfish. org/Photo. Gallery. Fish_TWRA/Fish. Photo. Gallery_TWRA/images/Yellow. Perch. Melton. Hill. Negus_jpg. jpg oxygenated water operculum deoxygenated, carbonated water Muscular operation of operculum system moves water into mouth, over evaginated gills, and out from trailing edge of operculum See Fig. 45. 5 pg 907 http: //courses. washington. edu/chordate/453 photos/gut_photos/aseptal_gills 2. jpg

© 1996 Norton Presentation Maker, W. W. Norton & Company How do evaginated gills work? d e t a n e g y x o filament enlarged… d e t a d x eo y n e g

Gill filament shows counter-current exchange design: oxyge nated blood return to heart water and blood flow in opposite directions blood from heart deoxyg enated water © 1996 Norton Presentation Maker, W. W. Norton & Company See Fig. 45. 5 pg 907

100 70 40 15 100 85 70 55 53 90 60 30 5 5 20 35 50 52 blood 100 50 water blood 0 Countercurrent flow maximizes: • Oxygen removal from water • Blood oxygen content See Fig. 45. 6 pg 907 Percent O 2 Saturation Counter-current is more efficient than concurrent exchange water countercurrent water concurrent blood 100 water 50 0 blood This efficient system is needed because oxygen solubility is very low in water (10 mg/L) compared to in air (286 mg/L).

Delicate gills need protection from predators: shells, opercula Other species evolved internalized respiratory trees… Sea cucumber body systems © 1996 Norton Presentation Maker, W. W. Norton & Compa http: //www. marietta. edu/~biol/biomes/images/oceans/sea_cucumber_8178_800. jpg evaginated or invaginated?

Tidal flow through anus into respiratory tree of sea cucumber: http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=Az. TVh 1 U 7 Et 4

The tidal flow gas supply is enough to support a friend too… http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=00 DXYXVRHk. Q&feature=youtu. be

http: //coris. noaa. gov/glossary/trochophor_larv_186. jpg And now for a look inside our gastropod mollusc… Trochophore larva: Veliger larva: http: //www. zetnet. co. uk/~pm/photos/snail. jpg http: //people. bu. edu/veliger. jpeg The shell obviously provides a hard covering for the visceral mass. The snail shown here is a pulmonate, with a vascularized mantle cavity serving as a lung. Vascularizing this led to loss of the gills in most gastropods. The gastropods, are clearly hermaphroditic, and some are self-fertile. Free-living larval stages are the dispersal mechanisms in water (diffusion? )

http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Trochophore trochophore larva Adult Sea elephant (snail)… its radula http: //tolweb. org/tree/To. Limages/Atlanta. Peroni 1. jpg http: //tolweb. org/tree/To. Limages/Oxygyru s. Larva 1. jpg gas exchange by simple diffusion veliger larva its proboscis http: //tolweb. org/tree/To. Limages/ Atlanta. Sp. Radula 11. 230 a. jpg http: //tolweb. org/tree/To. Limages/Scutata. Proboscis 11. 200 a. jpg

The slug shows the pneumostome in the mantle for breathing. pneumostome foot skirt mantle optical tentacles sensory tentacles http: //www. nawwal. org/~mrgoff/photojournal/2003/winspr/pictures/05 -17 slug 2. jpg

book gills http: //clacc. uchc. edu/Species/Aquatics/Horseshoe. Crab/Horse. Shoe. Crab 1. jpg http: //www. bumblebee. org/invertebrates/images/Limulus. Dorsal. jpg http: //www. bumblebee. org/invertebrates/images/Limulus. Ventral. jpg

book lungs trachea diffusion book gills http: //farm 1. static. flickr. com/40/108057513_ff 286 d 144 f. jpg http: //www. flightglobal. com/blogs/flightinternational/scorpion. gif http: //weblog. pell. portland. or. us/~orc/bugs/argiope_aurantia. jpg Considerable diversity within a single taxonomic category http: //somethingscrawlinginmyhair. com/wpcontent/uploads/2007/09/tickdorsalview 2007 -5 -2. jpg http: //media-2. web. britannica. com/ebmedia/97/46897 -004 -E 3937032. jpg Chelicerata

Argyroneta aquatica, the water spider, traps air with body hairs at surface and brings the air down to the hydrophobic web for later use…sometimes called the “water bell” spider. http: //mmem. spschools. org/grade 5 science/wetland/waterspider. jpeg

Centruroides vittatus (bark scorpion) has a book lung (an evaginated surface like a gill for terrestrial gas exchange) http: //www. entomology. umn. edu/cues/tenczar/Cvittatus/Centruroides_vittatus. jpg © 1996 Norton Presentation Maker, W. W. Norton & Company