Communists Triumph in China Chapter 17 Section 2

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Communists Triumph in China Chapter 17 / Section 2

Communists Triumph in China Chapter 17 / Section 2

Civil War in China l When Japan invaded China in 1937 they were in

Civil War in China l When Japan invaded China in 1937 they were in the middle of a bitter Civil War. TWO GROUPS? l Mao Zedong, leader of the Communists had a stronghold in Northwest China, fought with peasants.

Civil War in China

Civil War in China

Civil War in China (cont’d) l Jiang Jieshi, formerly known as Chiang Kai-shek, led

Civil War in China (cont’d) l Jiang Jieshi, formerly known as Chiang Kai-shek, led the Nationalists. Dominated Southwest. l Aided by the United States; the Nationalists received $1. 5 billion in aid to fight the Japanese (1942 -45). l But not much went to troops; went to corrupt leaders and fight with Communists.

Chinese Civil War 1946 -1950

Chinese Civil War 1946 -1950

Civil War in China (cont’d) l Once Japan surrendered the civil war renewed. l

Civil War in China (cont’d) l Once Japan surrendered the civil war renewed. l Nationalists outnumbered the Communists 3: 1; also received more aid from the United States. l However, by October, 1949 Mao and the Communists controlled the country. Nationalists retreat to Taiwan. l Now known as People’s Republic of China. TWO NATIONS?

Two Chinas and the Cold War l With the United States aiding the Nationalists;

Two Chinas and the Cold War l With the United States aiding the Nationalists; the Soviets started to aid the Communist. l Superpowers Collide over Japan and Korea. l In 1950 -51 China took control of Tibet, breaking a so-called autonomous area. The Dalai Lama fled to India.

Transformation and Revolution l Once the Chinese Communist took control, tightened control of country.

Transformation and Revolution l Once the Chinese Communist took control, tightened control of country. l However, Communists only made up 1% of the country. l Set up government like Soviets, Communist Party and National government.

Transformation and Revolution (cont’d) l Mao’s Socialism: l 1) Mao forced peasants to join

Transformation and Revolution (cont’d) l Mao’s Socialism: l 1) Mao forced peasants to join collective farms. l 2) Women became equal at home and work place. l 3) Mao installs Five-Year Plan in 1953. SUCCESFUL?

Transformation and Revolution (cont’d) l Five-Year Plan was so successful, led to communes, large

Transformation and Revolution (cont’d) l Five-Year Plan was so successful, led to communes, large collective farms. Planned poor, not liked. l Program dies in 1961, no success. l In 1966, Mao starts the Red Guards, militia units that “learn revolution by making revolution. ”

Red Guard

Red Guard

Transformation and Revolution (cont’d) l Rise of the Red Guard became known as the

Transformation and Revolution (cont’d) l Rise of the Red Guard became known as the Cultural Revolution. l Goal: establish society of peasants and workers who are equal.