Comets Asteroids and Meteorites Ch 9 COMETS AND
![Comets Asteroids and Meteorites Ch 9 Comets Asteroids and Meteorites Ch 9](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-1.jpg)
![COMETS AND THEIR COMPOSITION (Ch. 9 part I) COMETS AND THEIR COMPOSITION (Ch. 9 part I)](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-2.jpg)
![OUTLINE I. Nature of Comets II. Comets and the Origin of Earth’s Water III. OUTLINE I. Nature of Comets II. Comets and the Origin of Earth’s Water III.](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-3.jpg)
![Comet Hale-Bopp in 1997 Comet Hale-Bopp in 1997](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-4.jpg)
![I. Nature of Comets n Comets from the Greek “ ” (kometes). Long-haired ones. I. Nature of Comets n Comets from the Greek “ ” (kometes). Long-haired ones.](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-5.jpg)
![Question 1 n A comet is: A. A piece of interplanetary material that burns Question 1 n A comet is: A. A piece of interplanetary material that burns](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-6.jpg)
![I. Nature of Comets n Today we know comets are “dirty icebergs” in orbit I. Nature of Comets n Today we know comets are “dirty icebergs” in orbit](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-7.jpg)
![I. Nature of Comets (Cont. ) n The nucleus is where all cometary activity I. Nature of Comets (Cont. ) n The nucleus is where all cometary activity](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-8.jpg)
![Question 2 The tails of comets are always directly behind the nucleus. a) True Question 2 The tails of comets are always directly behind the nucleus. a) True](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-9.jpg)
![](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-10.jpg)
![](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-11.jpg)
![Comet Hale-Bopp (Image by Elizabeth Warner on March 8, 1997) Ion Tail Dust Tail Comet Hale-Bopp (Image by Elizabeth Warner on March 8, 1997) Ion Tail Dust Tail](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-12.jpg)
![Comet Ikeya-Zhang (March 11 ‘ 02 images from Sky and Telescope) Comet Ikeya-Zhang (March 11 ‘ 02 images from Sky and Telescope)](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-13.jpg)
![DS 1 Spacecraft Image of Comet Borrelly in September 2001 DS 1 Spacecraft Image of Comet Borrelly in September 2001](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-14.jpg)
![Image of Comet Wild 2 from NASA's Stardust spacecraft. January 2, 2004 Image of Comet Wild 2 from NASA's Stardust spacecraft. January 2, 2004](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-15.jpg)
![Deep Impact Spacecraft Image of Comet Tempel 1 in July 2005 Deep Impact Spacecraft Image of Comet Tempel 1 in July 2005](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-16.jpg)
![Deep Impact Spacecraft Image of Comet Tempel 1 in July 2005 Deep Impact Spacecraft Image of Comet Tempel 1 in July 2005](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-17.jpg)
![Deep Impact Spacecraft Image of Comet Hartley 2 in Nov. 2010 Deep Impact Spacecraft Image of Comet Hartley 2 in Nov. 2010](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-18.jpg)
![ESA’s Rosetta Spacecraft Image of Comet 67 P (C-G) 2014 and 2015 ESA’s Rosetta Spacecraft Image of Comet 67 P (C-G) 2014 and 2015](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-19.jpg)
![Show movies of Comet C-G from ESA’s Website Show movies of Comet C-G from ESA’s Website](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-20.jpg)
![I. Nature of Comets (Cont. ) n Our solar system formed about 4. 6 I. Nature of Comets (Cont. ) n Our solar system formed about 4. 6](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-21.jpg)
![Nature of Comets (Cont. ) n Two Known Sources of Comets • Oort Cloud Nature of Comets (Cont. ) n Two Known Sources of Comets • Oort Cloud](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-22.jpg)
![Oort Cloud Sun • ~105 AU About 1/3 distance to nearest star Oort Cloud Sun • ~105 AU About 1/3 distance to nearest star](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-23.jpg)
![Kuiper Belt ~50 AU • Sun Neptune’s Orbit Kuiper Belt ~50 AU • Sun Neptune’s Orbit](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-24.jpg)
![Comets can come from the Oort Cloud and from the Kuiper belt Jovian planets Comets can come from the Oort Cloud and from the Kuiper belt Jovian planets](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-25.jpg)
![Outer Solar System Outer Solar System](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-26.jpg)
![Outer Solar System Outer Solar System](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-27.jpg)
![Collision in the Kuiper Belt Paiting by Daniel D. Durda Collision in the Kuiper Belt Paiting by Daniel D. Durda](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-28.jpg)
![Comet SL 9 caused a string of violent impacts on Jupiter in 1994, reminding Comet SL 9 caused a string of violent impacts on Jupiter in 1994, reminding](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-29.jpg)
![](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-30.jpg)
![](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-31.jpg)
![COMPOSITION OF COMET GAS Deuterium Abundance: • Why study it? • Chemical signature that COMPOSITION OF COMET GAS Deuterium Abundance: • Why study it? • Chemical signature that](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-32.jpg)
![III. COMPOSITION (Cont. ) Deuterium Atom P N Hydrogen Atom P + + e III. COMPOSITION (Cont. ) Deuterium Atom P N Hydrogen Atom P + + e](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-33.jpg)
![Normal and “Heavy” Water H 2 O HDO O H H D Normal and “Heavy” Water H 2 O HDO O H H D](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-34.jpg)
![COMPOSITION OF COMET GAS Deuterium Abundance: • The deuterium to hydrogen ratio has been COMPOSITION OF COMET GAS Deuterium Abundance: • The deuterium to hydrogen ratio has been](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-35.jpg)
![Deuterium/Hydrogen Ratios 10 -3 Comets • • Cores of Molecular Clouds • • 10 Deuterium/Hydrogen Ratios 10 -3 Comets • • Cores of Molecular Clouds • • 10](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-36.jpg)
![III. COMPOSITION (Cont. ) n D/H Ratios in Comet Water: • Consistent with comets III. COMPOSITION (Cont. ) n D/H Ratios in Comet Water: • Consistent with comets](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-37.jpg)
![IV. Comets and Origin of Earth’s Water n The contents of H 2 O IV. Comets and Origin of Earth’s Water n The contents of H 2 O](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-38.jpg)
![Water contents of meteorites (which come from asteroids) Wet Dry Water contents of meteorites (which come from asteroids) Wet Dry](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-39.jpg)
![IV. Comets and Origin of Earth’s Water n Why is Earth rich in water IV. Comets and Origin of Earth’s Water n Why is Earth rich in water](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-40.jpg)
![V. COMPOSITION OF THE DUST n Cometary dust is approximately 50% silicates (minerals) and V. COMPOSITION OF THE DUST n Cometary dust is approximately 50% silicates (minerals) and](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-41.jpg)
![VI. SUMMARY n Comets are composed mainly of H 2 O ice plus cosmic VI. SUMMARY n Comets are composed mainly of H 2 O ice plus cosmic](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-42.jpg)
![Asteroids and Meteorites Ch 9 part II Asteroids and Meteorites Ch 9 part II](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-43.jpg)
![Asteroids and Meteorites Outline I. II. Introduction Asteroids • Orbits, sizes, composition III. Meteorites Asteroids and Meteorites Outline I. II. Introduction Asteroids • Orbits, sizes, composition III. Meteorites](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-44.jpg)
![I. INTRODUCCION n Asteroids, comets and meteorites are the smallest members of the solar I. INTRODUCCION n Asteroids, comets and meteorites are the smallest members of the solar](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-45.jpg)
![II. ASTEROIDS n Most have orbits between Mars and Jupiter n Some have orbits II. ASTEROIDS n Most have orbits between Mars and Jupiter n Some have orbits](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-46.jpg)
![III. Types of Meteorites n Irons n Stony-Irons n Stones (~75% of all meteorites) III. Types of Meteorites n Irons n Stony-Irons n Stones (~75% of all meteorites)](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-47.jpg)
![III. Types of Meteorites n Irons n Stony-Irons n Stones (~75% of all meteorites) III. Types of Meteorites n Irons n Stony-Irons n Stones (~75% of all meteorites)](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-48.jpg)
![Iron Meteorite Iron Meteorite](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-49.jpg)
![Stony-Iron Stony-Iron](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-50.jpg)
![Stony Meteorite Stony Meteorite](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-51.jpg)
![III. Origin of Meteorites n Asteroids (more than 95%) • Asteroids collide with each III. Origin of Meteorites n Asteroids (more than 95%) • Asteroids collide with each](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-52.jpg)
![III. Types of Meteorites n Irons are excavated by collisions n Stony-Irons are excavated III. Types of Meteorites n Irons are excavated by collisions n Stony-Irons are excavated](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-53.jpg)
![IV. Meteorites and the Solar System n Age of Solar System (4. 6 x IV. Meteorites and the Solar System n Age of Solar System (4. 6 x](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-54.jpg)
![V. Summary of Asteroids and Meteorites n Most asteroids orbit the Sun between Mars V. Summary of Asteroids and Meteorites n Most asteroids orbit the Sun between Mars](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-55.jpg)
- Slides: 55
![Comets Asteroids and Meteorites Ch 9 Comets Asteroids and Meteorites Ch 9](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-1.jpg)
Comets Asteroids and Meteorites Ch 9
![COMETS AND THEIR COMPOSITION Ch 9 part I COMETS AND THEIR COMPOSITION (Ch. 9 part I)](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-2.jpg)
COMETS AND THEIR COMPOSITION (Ch. 9 part I)
![OUTLINE I Nature of Comets II Comets and the Origin of Earths Water III OUTLINE I. Nature of Comets II. Comets and the Origin of Earth’s Water III.](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-3.jpg)
OUTLINE I. Nature of Comets II. Comets and the Origin of Earth’s Water III. Dust Composition VI. Summary (you need to take notes only on slides with blue titles)
![Comet HaleBopp in 1997 Comet Hale-Bopp in 1997](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-4.jpg)
Comet Hale-Bopp in 1997
![I Nature of Comets n Comets from the Greek kometes Longhaired ones I. Nature of Comets n Comets from the Greek “ ” (kometes). Long-haired ones.](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-5.jpg)
I. Nature of Comets n Comets from the Greek “ ” (kometes). Long-haired ones. n Ancient greeks considered comets atmospheric phenomena, not part of the “perfect” heavens.
![Question 1 n A comet is A A piece of interplanetary material that burns Question 1 n A comet is: A. A piece of interplanetary material that burns](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-6.jpg)
Question 1 n A comet is: A. A piece of interplanetary material that burns in the Earth’s atmosphere B. An object made of ices and dust in orbit around the Sun C. A shooting Star D. A rocky object that formed between Mars and Jupiter
![I Nature of Comets n Today we know comets are dirty icebergs in orbit I. Nature of Comets n Today we know comets are “dirty icebergs” in orbit](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-7.jpg)
I. Nature of Comets n Today we know comets are “dirty icebergs” in orbit around our Sun. n About ½ of a comet’s mass is water ice, the rest is cosmic dust and other ices. n Comet Orbits: generally very elliptical
![I Nature of Comets Cont n The nucleus is where all cometary activity I. Nature of Comets (Cont. ) n The nucleus is where all cometary activity](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-8.jpg)
I. Nature of Comets (Cont. ) n The nucleus is where all cometary activity originates. n When a comet is far from the Sun it is an inert object. n When a comet approaches the Sun the ices in the nucleus sublimate and create a cloud of gas and dust called the coma. n Sunlight and the solar wind push the dust and gas away from the sun creating the two tails.
![Question 2 The tails of comets are always directly behind the nucleus a True Question 2 The tails of comets are always directly behind the nucleus. a) True](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-9.jpg)
Question 2 The tails of comets are always directly behind the nucleus. a) True b) False
![](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-10.jpg)
![](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-11.jpg)
![Comet HaleBopp Image by Elizabeth Warner on March 8 1997 Ion Tail Dust Tail Comet Hale-Bopp (Image by Elizabeth Warner on March 8, 1997) Ion Tail Dust Tail](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-12.jpg)
Comet Hale-Bopp (Image by Elizabeth Warner on March 8, 1997) Ion Tail Dust Tail Coma
![Comet IkeyaZhang March 11 02 images from Sky and Telescope Comet Ikeya-Zhang (March 11 ‘ 02 images from Sky and Telescope)](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-13.jpg)
Comet Ikeya-Zhang (March 11 ‘ 02 images from Sky and Telescope)
![DS 1 Spacecraft Image of Comet Borrelly in September 2001 DS 1 Spacecraft Image of Comet Borrelly in September 2001](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-14.jpg)
DS 1 Spacecraft Image of Comet Borrelly in September 2001
![Image of Comet Wild 2 from NASAs Stardust spacecraft January 2 2004 Image of Comet Wild 2 from NASA's Stardust spacecraft. January 2, 2004](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-15.jpg)
Image of Comet Wild 2 from NASA's Stardust spacecraft. January 2, 2004
![Deep Impact Spacecraft Image of Comet Tempel 1 in July 2005 Deep Impact Spacecraft Image of Comet Tempel 1 in July 2005](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-16.jpg)
Deep Impact Spacecraft Image of Comet Tempel 1 in July 2005
![Deep Impact Spacecraft Image of Comet Tempel 1 in July 2005 Deep Impact Spacecraft Image of Comet Tempel 1 in July 2005](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-17.jpg)
Deep Impact Spacecraft Image of Comet Tempel 1 in July 2005
![Deep Impact Spacecraft Image of Comet Hartley 2 in Nov 2010 Deep Impact Spacecraft Image of Comet Hartley 2 in Nov. 2010](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-18.jpg)
Deep Impact Spacecraft Image of Comet Hartley 2 in Nov. 2010
![ESAs Rosetta Spacecraft Image of Comet 67 P CG 2014 and 2015 ESA’s Rosetta Spacecraft Image of Comet 67 P (C-G) 2014 and 2015](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-19.jpg)
ESA’s Rosetta Spacecraft Image of Comet 67 P (C-G) 2014 and 2015
![Show movies of Comet CG from ESAs Website Show movies of Comet C-G from ESA’s Website](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-20.jpg)
Show movies of Comet C-G from ESA’s Website
![I Nature of Comets Cont n Our solar system formed about 4 6 I. Nature of Comets (Cont. ) n Our solar system formed about 4. 6](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-21.jpg)
I. Nature of Comets (Cont. ) n Our solar system formed about 4. 6 billion years ago from the solar nebula. n The planets and Sun have been extensively processed since they formed. n However, comets have remained relatively pristine for the past 4. 6 billion years. n Why? • Comets are small and • stay far from the Sun most of the time.
![Nature of Comets Cont n Two Known Sources of Comets Oort Cloud Nature of Comets (Cont. ) n Two Known Sources of Comets • Oort Cloud](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-22.jpg)
Nature of Comets (Cont. ) n Two Known Sources of Comets • Oort Cloud (spherical shell ~ 50, 000 -100, 000 AU) • Kuiper Belt (disk ~ 30 -50 AU) (Astronomical Unit [AU] = Earth-Sun Distance) n Active comets do not last more than about 100, 000 years in the inner solar system because they lose material every time they pass near the Sun
![Oort Cloud Sun 105 AU About 13 distance to nearest star Oort Cloud Sun • ~105 AU About 1/3 distance to nearest star](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-23.jpg)
Oort Cloud Sun • ~105 AU About 1/3 distance to nearest star
![Kuiper Belt 50 AU Sun Neptunes Orbit Kuiper Belt ~50 AU • Sun Neptune’s Orbit](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-24.jpg)
Kuiper Belt ~50 AU • Sun Neptune’s Orbit
![Comets can come from the Oort Cloud and from the Kuiper belt Jovian planets Comets can come from the Oort Cloud and from the Kuiper belt Jovian planets](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-25.jpg)
Comets can come from the Oort Cloud and from the Kuiper belt Jovian planets protect Earth from most of bombardment
![Outer Solar System Outer Solar System](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-26.jpg)
Outer Solar System
![Outer Solar System Outer Solar System](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-27.jpg)
Outer Solar System
![Collision in the Kuiper Belt Paiting by Daniel D Durda Collision in the Kuiper Belt Paiting by Daniel D. Durda](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-28.jpg)
Collision in the Kuiper Belt Paiting by Daniel D. Durda
![Comet SL 9 caused a string of violent impacts on Jupiter in 1994 reminding Comet SL 9 caused a string of violent impacts on Jupiter in 1994, reminding](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-29.jpg)
Comet SL 9 caused a string of violent impacts on Jupiter in 1994, reminding us that catastrophic collisions still happen. Tidal forces tore it apart during previous encounter with Jupiter
![](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-30.jpg)
![](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-31.jpg)
![COMPOSITION OF COMET GAS Deuterium Abundance Why study it Chemical signature that COMPOSITION OF COMET GAS Deuterium Abundance: • Why study it? • Chemical signature that](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-32.jpg)
COMPOSITION OF COMET GAS Deuterium Abundance: • Why study it? • Chemical signature that can help us understand the possible links between comet water and Earth’s water
![III COMPOSITION Cont Deuterium Atom P N Hydrogen Atom P e III. COMPOSITION (Cont. ) Deuterium Atom P N Hydrogen Atom P + + e](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-33.jpg)
III. COMPOSITION (Cont. ) Deuterium Atom P N Hydrogen Atom P + + e - e
![Normal and Heavy Water H 2 O HDO O H H D Normal and “Heavy” Water H 2 O HDO O H H D](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-34.jpg)
Normal and “Heavy” Water H 2 O HDO O H H D
![COMPOSITION OF COMET GAS Deuterium Abundance The deuterium to hydrogen ratio has been COMPOSITION OF COMET GAS Deuterium Abundance: • The deuterium to hydrogen ratio has been](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-35.jpg)
COMPOSITION OF COMET GAS Deuterium Abundance: • The deuterium to hydrogen ratio has been measured in the water vapor in the coma of four comets • These values are plotted in the next slide
![DeuteriumHydrogen Ratios 10 3 Comets Cores of Molecular Clouds 10 Deuterium/Hydrogen Ratios 10 -3 Comets • • Cores of Molecular Clouds • • 10](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-36.jpg)
Deuterium/Hydrogen Ratios 10 -3 Comets • • Cores of Molecular Clouds • • 10 -4 Earth Oceans C Chondrites (H 2 O-rich meteorites) Solar Nebula 10 -5
![III COMPOSITION Cont n DH Ratios in Comet Water Consistent with comets III. COMPOSITION (Cont. ) n D/H Ratios in Comet Water: • Consistent with comets](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-37.jpg)
III. COMPOSITION (Cont. ) n D/H Ratios in Comet Water: • Consistent with comets providing at least some of Earth’s H 2 O
![IV Comets and Origin of Earths Water n The contents of H 2 O IV. Comets and Origin of Earth’s Water n The contents of H 2 O](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-38.jpg)
IV. Comets and Origin of Earth’s Water n The contents of H 2 O in meteorites indicates a decrese in water abundance in the asteroid belt with decreasing heliocentric distance n Meteorites believed to have originated in the innermost part of the asteroid belt are the driest known material in the solar system n This suggests that the planetesimals formed in Earth’s zone should have had an even lower water content
![Water contents of meteorites which come from asteroids Wet Dry Water contents of meteorites (which come from asteroids) Wet Dry](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-39.jpg)
Water contents of meteorites (which come from asteroids) Wet Dry
![IV Comets and Origin of Earths Water n Why is Earth rich in water IV. Comets and Origin of Earth’s Water n Why is Earth rich in water](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-40.jpg)
IV. Comets and Origin of Earth’s Water n Why is Earth rich in water and where did this water come from? n Comet impacts? n Asteroid impacts? n Probably both: The composition Earth’s water is consistent with a cometary origin of at least some of it. In addition, some asteroids can have as much as 15% water
![V COMPOSITION OF THE DUST n Cometary dust is approximately 50 silicates minerals and V. COMPOSITION OF THE DUST n Cometary dust is approximately 50% silicates (minerals) and](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-41.jpg)
V. COMPOSITION OF THE DUST n Cometary dust is approximately 50% silicates (minerals) and 50% organic solids (organic solids are made up of molecules with many carbon atoms). n If comets contributed a significant fraction of Earth’s H 2 O they probably also contributed significant quantities of organic molecules. n Hence, comets may have played a role in the origin of life on Earth. n However, there is no evidence that comets bring living organisms to Earth.
![VI SUMMARY n Comets are composed mainly of H 2 O ice plus cosmic VI. SUMMARY n Comets are composed mainly of H 2 O ice plus cosmic](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-42.jpg)
VI. SUMMARY n Comets are composed mainly of H 2 O ice plus cosmic dust and other ices n The main features of a comet are the nucleus, coma and tails n There are two known sources of comets: Oort Cloud and Kuiper Belt n The chemical composition of comets (rich in deuterium) is consistent with a cometary origin of at least some of Earth’s water and organic molecules
![Asteroids and Meteorites Ch 9 part II Asteroids and Meteorites Ch 9 part II](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-43.jpg)
Asteroids and Meteorites Ch 9 part II
![Asteroids and Meteorites Outline I II Introduction Asteroids Orbits sizes composition III Meteorites Asteroids and Meteorites Outline I. II. Introduction Asteroids • Orbits, sizes, composition III. Meteorites](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-44.jpg)
Asteroids and Meteorites Outline I. II. Introduction Asteroids • Orbits, sizes, composition III. Meteorites • • • Irons Stony-Irons Stones IV. Origin of Meteorites V. Meteorites and the Solar System VI. Summary
![I INTRODUCCION n Asteroids comets and meteorites are the smallest members of the solar I. INTRODUCCION n Asteroids, comets and meteorites are the smallest members of the solar](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-45.jpg)
I. INTRODUCCION n Asteroids, comets and meteorites are the smallest members of the solar system n All these objects tell us much about how the rest of the solar sytem formed
![II ASTEROIDS n Most have orbits between Mars and Jupiter n Some have orbits II. ASTEROIDS n Most have orbits between Mars and Jupiter n Some have orbits](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-46.jpg)
II. ASTEROIDS n Most have orbits between Mars and Jupiter n Some have orbits that cross Earth’s, these are known as Earth-crossing asteroids n They have collided with Earth and they are likely to do so again. n The largest asteroid is 1 Ceres
![III Types of Meteorites n Irons n StonyIrons n Stones 75 of all meteorites III. Types of Meteorites n Irons n Stony-Irons n Stones (~75% of all meteorites)](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-47.jpg)
III. Types of Meteorites n Irons n Stony-Irons n Stones (~75% of all meteorites) Iron and stone Stone Differentiated Asteroid Non-differentiated Asteroid
![III Types of Meteorites n Irons n StonyIrons n Stones 75 of all meteorites III. Types of Meteorites n Irons n Stony-Irons n Stones (~75% of all meteorites)](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-48.jpg)
III. Types of Meteorites n Irons n Stony-Irons n Stones (~75% of all meteorites)
![Iron Meteorite Iron Meteorite](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-49.jpg)
Iron Meteorite
![StonyIron Stony-Iron](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-50.jpg)
Stony-Iron
![Stony Meteorite Stony Meteorite](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-51.jpg)
Stony Meteorite
![III Origin of Meteorites n Asteroids more than 95 Asteroids collide with each III. Origin of Meteorites n Asteroids (more than 95%) • Asteroids collide with each](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-52.jpg)
III. Origin of Meteorites n Asteroids (more than 95%) • Asteroids collide with each other and breakup, some of those fragments become meteorites n Mars (a few percent) • Impacts on Mars kick martian material into space and some ends up falling on Earth n Moon (a few percent) • Also because of impacts
![III Types of Meteorites n Irons are excavated by collisions n StonyIrons are excavated III. Types of Meteorites n Irons are excavated by collisions n Stony-Irons are excavated](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-53.jpg)
III. Types of Meteorites n Irons are excavated by collisions n Stony-Irons are excavated by collisions Iron and stone Stone Differentiated Asteroid Non-differentiated Asteroid
![IV Meteorites and the Solar System n Age of Solar System 4 6 x IV. Meteorites and the Solar System n Age of Solar System (4. 6 x](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-54.jpg)
IV. Meteorites and the Solar System n Age of Solar System (4. 6 x 109 years) determined from radioactive dating of meteorites n Meteorites and Planets: • Information about asteroids, Mars, Moon. • Information about interior of Earth, e. g. , iron core.
![V Summary of Asteroids and Meteorites n Most asteroids orbit the Sun between Mars V. Summary of Asteroids and Meteorites n Most asteroids orbit the Sun between Mars](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/4cafd4f23c8c05902f0cacab32a09206/image-55.jpg)
V. Summary of Asteroids and Meteorites n Most asteroids orbit the Sun between Mars and Jupiter n Some asteroids cross Earth’s orbit and collide w/ Earth n Ceres is the largest asteroid n There are several types of asteroids n Meteorites are solid objects from space that reach the Earth’s surface n Most meteorites are from asteroids, a few are from Mars and the Moon. Most meteors are from comets n Three types of meteorites: Irons, Stony-irons, Stones n Meteorites tell us about the rest of the solar system.
Name that space rock
Difference between comets and asteroids and meteors
Asteroids meteors and comets worksheet
Comets asteroids
Comets asteroids
Meteorite identification pictures
Origin of meteors
Iridium layer
Asteroids
Asteroids
Jupiter nudges the asteroids through the influence of
The pleiades myth
Physical properties of comets
Red orange yellow green blue purple pink brown
Willaim blake
West side story romeo and juliet character comparison
Younger shorter older old
How to write 75 centavos in peso sign
Indigo violet
Your teacher is giving you a test worth 100 points
Young and dyslexic essay
Us prior to brown map key
West yorkshire and harrogate health and care partnership
Draw and label transverse wave
Compare and contrast spring tides and neap tides.
Input independent variable
Transitive and intransitive and linking verbs
Have constricted roles in lif
Role of nurse in maintenance of records and reports
Transportation and assignment problems
Compare and contrast cold wave and wind chill factor
P&l format
Language spanish
Tomorrow and tomorrow creeps
Credo the ritz carlton
Ron offutt house
S
The great gatsby chapter 3 questions and answers
The giver chapter 3 and 4 questions and answers
Expository text structures
Compare and contrast essay definition
Compare and contrast analog and digital forecasting
The boy in the striped pyjamas film study
The blind man and the elephant question answers
Hub and spoke advantages and disadvantages
Compare and contrast hurricanes and tornadoes.
Principle of input design
Venn diagram of zaroff and rainsford
Complete subjects and complete predicates
Compound inequality and
Brazing and braze welding
Poems with similes and metaphors and personification
Similarities of parents
Separation of powers and checks and balances
Security program and policies principles and practices
Local minimum