Chemical Sensors for the New SamplingSensor Initiative Nelson

Chemical Sensors for the New Sampling/Sensor Initiative Nelson Lytle Honeywell International, Inc. January 11, 2005

Objectives • Illustrate sensor/composition/property measurement concept with examples • Discuss potential Ne. SSI sensor cluster applications • Invite sensor developers to participate • Increase the applicability of Ne. SSI as a sensor platform • Get tools into chemist’s and engineer’s hands

The Ten Needs Chemical/Composition/Property • • • Bio Assay Chemical Composition Cleaning Validation Coating Consistency Mixing Efficiency • • • Moisture Concentration Particle Sizing Vapor Characterization Viscosity/Rheology Waste Minimization Mel Koch, CPAC

Major Goals of Ne. SSI • • • Modular, miniature, smart sample system Based on ISA SP 76 standard Field mounted Open connectivity for communications Integration of sample system with physical/chemical sensors • Technology bridge to process for microanalytical devices

Ne. SSI: Enabler for Micro Analytical (the “rail” concept) Standard “connectivity” Standard Electrical (Digital) Interface “Rail” Anyone’s Sensor P Anyone’s Actuator V Standard Mechanical Interface “Rail” *Sensor/Actuator Manager SAM* Standard “hockey- puck PC”

Desirable Properties Sensor Wish List • • • Global electrical (hazardous) certifications Plug & Play (self-identifies) Robust (> 99. 9% uptime) Self checking/calibrating/correcting Low cost (<$5 K) Suitable for operating as a Functional Clusters Gas and/or Liquid Service Fast (continuous) Response (< 10 seconds) Physically small in size Low Power (for intrinsic safe operation) Low/No Utility or Reagent Usage

Simple Sensors - The Dirty Dozen • • • Density Refractive Index Viscosity Optical Absorbance Dielectric Conductivity • • • p. H/ISE/ORP Turbidity Thermal Conductivity Ultrasonic Moisture Gas Specific Characteristics: simple, dedicated, robust, commonly used.

Deacon Reaction 2 HCl + 1/2 O 2 = Cl 2 + H 2 O Step 1: HCl(g) reacts with metal oxide (MO) catalyst to produce MCl and H 2 O(g) Step 2: O 2(g) reacts with MCl to produce MO and Cl 2(g) Thermal Conductivity He: 222. 3 N 2: 38. 3 O 2: 41. 0 Cl 2: 18. 0 HCl: 24. 0 H 2 O: 35. 7 UV Absorbance: Cl 2 @ 350 nm This process can be controlled using thermal conductivity and a UV-Vis absorbance sensor.

Polymerization Control Monitor molecular weight via density, RI, and viscosity. Use density or RI for low Mw and viscosity for high Mw.

Unsaturation in Edible Oils NIR absorbance can be used to monitor unsaturation in edible oils. But so can density and RI.

Edible Oil Classification Simple sensors can monitor blending and determine quality of edible oils. Use density, RI, viscosity, optical absorbance to classify oils.

Ne. SSI Sensor Clusters Water Monitoring: • Boiler Water – Conductivity – p. H – p. Na • Waste water – p. H – TOC – O 2 Sensors include p. H, ISE, ORP, conductivity, UV absorbance.

Ne. SSI Sensor Clusters Continuous Emission Monitors: • • NOx SOx O 2 CO Use Ne. SSI advantages of P, T, F control and filtration. Potential sensors include specific gas sensors, UV-Vis, and IR.

Ne. SSI Sensor Clusters Jet Fuel Properties: • • Density Flash point Freezing point Fuel system icing inhibitor • Aromatics Sensors include density, RI, turbidity, NIR/IR absorbance.

What am I proposing? • Simple sensors provide a way to perform analyses that are useful for process control and optimization • These are measurements that are being used today • Simply adapt them to the Ne. SSI standard

Conclusion • I hope that I have made you aware of the opportunity to use simple, robust sensors to make chemical and property measurements. • I hope to motivate sensor developers to make sensors available that meet the Ne. SSI standard.

Everything is in place to make it happen. Come on in … the water’s fine.

FIN